Burden and quality of life of family caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients: the role of forgiveness as a coping strategy

Figures & data

Table 1. Sociodemographic characterization of family caregivers of patients with AD.

Continuous Variables	Min	Max	Medium	SD
Age	42	92	66.15	13.64
Education	0	20	4.53	3.58
Duration of care (years)	0.5	9	3.98	2.20
Categorical Variables	Frequency			%
Sex
Male		29		22.3
Female		101		77.7
Marital Status
Married		109		83.8
Unmarried		21		16.2
Degree of Kinship
Parents		55		42.3
Companion		58		44.6
Others		17		13.1
Caregiving hours
0–12h		7		5.4
13–24h		123		94.6
1st time caregiver
Yes		92		70.8
No		38		29.2
Choose to care
Yes		103		79.2
No		27		20.8
Secondary care
Yes		71		54.6
No		59		45.4

Table 2. Relationship between sociodemographip and psychological variables.

Variables	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
1. Quality of life	1
2. Burden	−0.483**	1
3. Age	−0.295**	−0.009	1
4. Duration of care	−0.023	.092	−0.030	1
5. Hours of care	−0.146	−0.028	.231**	.091	1
6. Choice of care	−0.162	.340**	−0.067	.065	−0.214*
7. Family relationship	−0.223*	.252**	−0.057	−0.053	−0.055	.056	1
8. Distress	−0.556**	.625**	−0.012	−0.059	.076	.152	.218*	1
9. Forgiveness	.477**	−0.585**	−0.072	.044	.144	−0.203**	−0.195*	−0.510**	1
Mean	66.63	29.31					10.28	14.68	94.75
Standard Deviation	15.92	19.07					12.45	16.98	17.42

* p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.

Table 3. Variables that contribute to quality of life and burden.

Quality of life							Burden
	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4
Variables	B	EPB	β	B	EPB	β	B	EPB	β	B	EPB	β
Age	−0.345	.099	−0.295***	−0.327	.078	−0.280***
Choice of care							15.926	3.892	.340***	9.767	2.919	.209**
Family relathionship				−0.134	.088	−0.105				.137	.096	.089
Distress				−0.389	.073	−0.389***				.464	.081	.413***
Forgiveness				.205	.072	.205**				−0.345	.079	−0.315***
R² (R²AJ.)	.087 (.080)			.509 (.497)			.116 (.109)			.536 (.521)
F for change in R²	12.243**			43.496**			16.740***			37.701***

** p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

Figure 1. Moderating role of forgiveness in the relationship between family relationship and burden.