ESC expert statement on the effects on mood of the natural cycle and progestin-only contraceptives

Abstract

Hormonal fluctuations during the natural cycle, as well as progestins used for hormonal contraception, can exert effects on mood especially in vulnerable women. Negative effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraception on mood are rare.

Chinese abstract

自然周期的激素波动以及用于激素避孕的孕激素可以对情绪特别是易受伤害的妇女的情绪产生影响。左炔诺孕酮子宫内释放避孕装置对情绪的负面影响是罕见的。

Keywords:

• Depression
• hormone-releasing intrauterine systems
• mood variations in the natural cycle
• progestin-only contraception

Disclosure statement

G.S. Merki-Feld has received honoraria for lectures and/or participation in advisory boards from Bayer AG, MSD, Teva and Exeltis.

D. Apter’s institution has received grants from Bayer, Estetra/Mithra, Exeltis, GSK and Merck/MSD during the last 5 years to conduct clinical trials. He has also taken part in advisory boards and has been an invited speaker at scientific meetings for Bayer, Estetra/Mithra, Exeltis, GSK and Merck/MSD on an ad hoc basis.

S. Raine contributed to advisory boards and did consultation work for MSD, Pfizer, Actavis/Allergan, Gedeon Richter and Bayer.

L. Shulman is a consultant for Bayer, Merck, Allergan and Teva.

J. Bitzer received honoraria for lectures and participation in advisory boards from Bayer AG, Merck, Libbs, Actavis, Teva, Exeltis, Gedeon Richter, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Vifor, Lilly, Pfizer, HRA, Abbott, Mithra, Pierre Fabre and Aspen.

G. Bartfai, G. Grandi, K. Haldre, M. Lech, R. Lertxundi, P. Lobo Abascal, F. Roumen, D. Serfaty and S. Skouby report no conflicts of interest.