The oil factor: Regulatory agency creation in the MENA region

Figures & data

Figure 1. Percentage of agencies created (World vs. MENA).

Source: Based on Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and Fernández-i-Marín and Levi-Faur et al. (2022), and our own elaboration

Figure 2. Evolution of oil prices vs agency creation in the MENA Region 1950-2020.

Source: bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2020; Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and own elaboration.

Figure 3. Agencies in oil-rich versus oil-poor countries (MENA region). Country-sector spaces covered by agencies.

Source: Based on Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and own elaboration

Figure 4. Agencies in utilities sector (MENA region, oil-rich vs oil-poor countries). Country-sector spaces covered by agencies.

Source: Based on Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and own elaboration

Figure 5. Agencies in the financial sector (MENA region, oil-rich vs oil-poor countries). Country-sector spaces covered by agencies.

Source: Based on Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and own elaboration

Figure 6. Agencies in risk regulation sectors (MENA region, oil-rich vs oil-poor countries). Country-sector spaces covered by agencies.

Source: Based on Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and own elaboration

Figure 7. Competition agencies (MENA region, oil-rich vs oil-poor countries). Country-sector spaces covered by agencies.

Source: Based on Jordana, Levi-Faur, Fernández-i-Marín et al. (2011) and own elaboration

Figure 8. Diffusion processes of different sectors at the global scale (85 countries). Country-sector spaces covered by agencies.

Source: Fernández-I-Marín and Levi-Faur (2022)

Jordana, J., Levi-Faur, D., & Fernández-I-Marín, X. (2011). The Global diffusion of regulatory agencies channels of transfer and stages of diffusion. Comparative Political Studies, 44(10), 1343–1369. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414011407466

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Fernández-I-Marín, J. J., & Levi-Faur, D. (2022). The age of regulatory agencies: Tracking differences and similarities over countries and sectors. In M. Maggetti, F. DiMascio & A. Natalini (Eds.), Handbook of regulatory authorities (pp. 78–94). Edward Elgar.

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