Logistics management for the future: the IJLRA framework

Figures & data

Figure 1. The article searching and selection process in this study.

Figure 2. The publication numbers of relevant articles in the reviewed journals.

Table 1. Summary of the reviewed literature

Issues	Topics addressed in the literature	Findings
Industry 5.0	To discuss the impacts of digitalisation on executives (Wehrle et al. 2020), truckload driver turnover (Miller, Bolumole, and Muir 2021), worker’s job satisfaction and learning (Winkelhaus, Grosse, and Glock 2022; Loske 2022) and robot-human coordination mechanism (Sheu and Choi 2023).	Impacts on humans should be considered. Limited discussions on logistics and supply chain operations in Industry 5.0.
Joint-ventures	To reveal how the collaborations affect operational efficiency (Vanovermeire et al. 2014), cost and environmental sustainability (Aloui et al. 2022; Wang et al. 2023). To present how the alliance and partner choices are shaped and determined (Badraoui, Boulaksil, and Van der Vorst 2022) To examine the performances of different inventory planning policies with and without partnership on information sharing for green product management (Dev, Shankar, and Swami 2020). To uncover the obstacles to intermodal transportation operations and highlight the importance of collaboration (Vural et al. 2020).	Benefits, impacts, and forms of collaboration should be well explored before implementation. Very few studies explore the design of the optimal collaboration scheme.
Legal-concerns	To study the legislation challenges for reverse logistics operations (Wong and Yung 2010), road transportation (Goel 2018), and energy management (Hansen, Rasmussen, and Lützen 2020). To investigate the cybersecurity challenges (Luo and Choi 2022).	New legislation and government policy are needed for achieving different purposes such as sustainability and cybersecurity. With more applications of disruptive technologies in the real-world, it is important to conduct in-depth studies on cyberspace, such as cybersecurity and e-commerce.
Risk management	To examine the financial risks of 3PL (Li and Chen 2019), crowdfunding platform (Reza-Gharehbagh et al. 2021), new product development (Choi 2022), and under different financing scenarios (Wang et al. 2022). To explore different issues under disruption, including supplier integration (Molinaro et al. 2022), logistics and supply chain system design (Kumar and Singh 2022; Dash and Dixit 2022; Liu et al. 2023), responsiveness, resilience and restoration (Lohmer, Bugert, and Lasch 2020; Bag et al. 2021; Akan 2023; Sharma et al. 2020; Zhou, Wang, and Yang 2023), and measure and strategy (Ali et al. 2022; Dev et al. 2021; Nayal et al. 2022; Rehman and Ali 2022; Cardoso, Fontainha, and Leiras 2023; Xu et al. 2023).	Disruptions brought by pandemics and extreme weather create huge challenges. Supply chain finance is a timely topic. However, supply chain finance, including all kinds of innovative financing models, is under-explored.
Automation and artificial intelligence (AI)	To examine the challenges (Sternberg, Hofmann, and Roeck 2021) and critical success factors (Choi and Tana 2022) of executing blockchain for logistics and supply chain systems. To study the use of various technologies to overcome information asymmetry problem (Xiong and Xue 2023), support the logistics and supply chain operations (Baştuğ et al. 2020; Yetkin Ekren 2021; Henríquez, de Osés, and Marín 2022; Lei et al. 2023; Ivanov, Dolgui, and Sokolov 2022; Srinivas, Ramachandiran, and Rajendran 2022), ‘make-or-buy’ decision (Friedrich, Lange, and Elbert 2022), and inventory planning decision (Ma et al. 2020).	The uses of disruptive technologies in supporting logistics and supply chain systems are essential in the future. Sustainability is one of the focuses of organisations. However, limited study examines how to make use of technologies (e.g., AI) to assess environmental and social sustainability performances.

Figure 3. The IJLRA framework.

Table 2. The major challenges and factors under the IJLRA framework.

Issues	Meaning	Major Challenges	Major factors
I	Industry 5.0	How to empower the workers by using disruptive technologies? How to achieve environmental sustainability and supply chain resilience simultaneously and generate optimal solutions?	Emphasis on human factors. Sustainable social welfare.
J	Joint-ventures	Investing in technologies and training is very costly and should be perceived as long-term decisions. How to manage the money flows in joint-venture in highly complex logistics and supply chain systems?	Achieving all-win. Cash flow management.
L	Legal concerns	Digitalisation and the use of e-commerce create an opportunity for fraud. How to govern logistics systems in the physical-cyber world?	Legislation for the physical-cyber world. Cyber-security.
R	Risk management	What is the optimal design of logistic and supply chain systems under different disruptions? How to maintain healthy financial liquidity to cope with the challenges in a dynamic and uncertain business environment?	Disruptions. Financing.
A	Automation and AI	Wide range of technologies available in Industry 4.0 era. How to select the optimal technology? How to manage those huge amounts of sensitive data being collected?	Choices of technologies. Ethics with AI.

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Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article [and/or] its supplementary materials.