Prostate-specific antigen decline pattern in advanced prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy and relationship with prostate-specific antigen progression

Figures & data

Figure 1. The graph depicts the decline with time in months from the median baseline line PSA to the median nadir PSA with the vertical axis being PSA in ng/ml and the horizontal axis being time in months.

Table 1. The descriptive characteristics of patients and disease.

	Mean	Median	Min., max.	%
Age (year)	73.84	74.00	57, 90
Types of ADT
LHRH agonists + antiandrogen				97
Bil.orchiectomy + antiandrogen				3
Gleason score
<8				66.7
≥8				33.3
Bone metastase
M(–)				65.2
M(+)	3,11		1, >20	34.8
bPSA (ng/mL)	18.47	12	5, 2488
Testosteron (ng/dL)	435	408	211, 763
e-bPSAHT (mo.)	1.79	1.37	0.27, 22.37
nPSA (ng/mL)	0.13	0.001	0.001, 6.43
TTNP (mo.)	17.19	12	3, 55
cPSA (ng/mL)	0.91	0.15	0.002, 7.43
Progression
Progression (−)				87.1
Progression (+)				12.9
ds-nPSA (monthly)	−0.738	−0.507	−2.49, −0.031
Follow-up (months)	44.91	48.00	7, 91
e-PSA (ng/mL) (at the end of 1 year)	0.336	0.032	<0.0001, 5.83
e-bPSADQ^a (ng/mL/year) (at the end of 1 year)	18.17	12.58	2.63, 2484
e-bPSADR^b (at the end of one year)	98.4	99.7	31, 99.99

^a Decline of bPSA as quantitative.

^b Decline of bPSA as ratio (%).

Table 2. The comparison of progressions of various parameters.

	PSA progression (%)	p (Chi-square)
Age
≤Median m^a:73.93	10.5	.307
>Median	18.6
GS
<8	11.3	.223
≥8	21.4
Bone metastase
M(−)	17.3	.548
M(+)	11.5
bPSA (ng/mL)
≤ 20	15.8	.704
>20	12.5
e-bPSAHT (month)
>1 month	8.3	.048
≤1 month	23.5
nPSA (ng/mL)
≤0.2	13.5	.284
>0.2	28.6
TTNP (month)
>Median m^a: 12	5.1	.020
≤Median	23.3
ds-nPSA (monthly)
>Median m^a: −0.507	5.0	.016
≤Median	23.8
e-bPSADQ (ng/mL/year) (at the end of 1 year)
≤Median m^a: 12.58	14.6	.963
>Median	15.0
e-bPSADR (at the end of 1 year)
≤Median m^a: 0.997 (99.7%)	5.3	.026
>Median	22.7

^a m: median value.

Table 3. The relationship between longer TTNP (>12 months) and parameters.

	TTNP >12 months (%)	p (Chi-square)
Age
≤Median	45.5	.408
>Median	54.0
GS
<8	52.4	.510
≥8	45.2
Bone metastase
M(−)	50.9	.953
M(+)	51.5
bPSA (ng/mL)
≤20	54.7	.184
>20	40.0
nPSA (ng/mL)
≤0.2	51.7	.239
>0.2	28.6

Table 4. The comparison of TTNP, post-nPSAT and total follow-up times between progression (+) and (−) groups.

	TTNP[mean (mo.)]	Follow-up(post-nPSAT^a)[mean (mo.)]	Follow-up (total)[mean (mo.)]
Progression
(+)	10.25	37.27	45.83
(−)	18.14	27.48	44.84
p	0.028	0.052	0.865

^a Post nPSA time.

Table 5. The relationship between PSA values and parameters.

	Desired nadir PSA^a (%)	p*	Desired current PSA^a (%)	p*
Age
>74^b	90.0	NS	52.4	NS
≤74	95.5		62.9
GS
≥8	93.5	NS	39.3	.02
<8	92.1		67.3
bPSA
>20 ng/mL	96.7	NS	58.3	NS
≤20 ng/mL	90.6		56.6
Bone metastase
M(+)	93.9	NS	53.8	NS
M(−)	91.2		58.3
TTNP
>12^b	95.7	NS	65.0	NS
≤12	89.4		48.6
ds-nPSA
> −0.507^b	89.6	NS	58.5	NS
≤ −0.507	95.7		55.6
bPSAHT
>1 mo.	87.7	NS	53.1	NS
≤1 mo.	100.0		64.3

* Chi-square. NS: non-significant.

^a PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL.

^b Median value.

Table 6. The evaluation of various parameters with univariate analysis in terms of progression predicting.

	OR	CI 95%	p
Age (>74^a/≤74)	2.00	0.55–7.25	.292
GS (≥8/<8)	2.18	0.63–7.53	.218
bPSA (>20/≤20)	0.73	0.18–2.95	.656
e-bPSAHT (≤1 mo./>1 mo.)	3.38	0.92–12.35	.065
Bone metastase (M+/M-)	0.62	0.15–2.53	.508
nPSA (> 0.2/≤ 0.2)	2.60	0.44–15.26	.290
TTNP* (≤12^a/>12)	5.60	1.14–27.46	.033
ds-nPSA (≤–0.507^a/> –0.507)	5.93	1.21–29.10	.028
e-bPSADR (> 99.7%^a/≤ 99.7%)	5.29	1.08–25.93	.040

^a Median value.

Figure 2. (a) KM plot and the estimated means for survival time for TTNP. (b) KM plot and the estimated means for survival time for ds-nPSA. (c) KM plot and the estimated means for survival time for e-bPSADR.