Prognostic factors in elderly patients admitted to the intensive care unit with community-acquired pneumonia

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of demographic features among discharged and expired patients.

	Discharged patients (n: 39)	Expired patients (n:47)	p Value
Age (years)	68.15 ± 18.97	77.61 ± 18.68	0.002
Gender (male/female)	13/26	11/36	0.21
Smoking	22 (56.4%)	29 (61.7%)	0.39
Drinking alcohol	3 (7.7%)	11 (23.4%)	0.001

Table 2. Comparison of vital signs at admission to the ICU among discharged and expired patients.

	Discharged patients (n: 39)	Expired patients (n:47)	p Value
Systolic blood pressure (mm-Hg)	115.64 ± 18.32	106.38 ± 27.77	0.078
Diastolic blood pressure (mm-Hg)	69.35 ± 12.25	63.40 ± 14.78	0.044
Heart rate (pulse/minute)	105.92 ± 20.02	113.29 ± 20.62	0.098
Body temperature (^0C)	37.36 ± 1.03	36.94 ± 1.00	0.092
Respiratory rate (minute)	33.12 ± 7.96	34.70 ± 8.26	0.373
Confusion	15 (38.5%)	37 (78.7%)	0.001

Table 3. Comparison of laboratory data at admission to the ICU among discharged and expired patients.

	Discharged patients (n: 39)	Expired patients (n:47)	p Value
Sedimentation (mm/hour)	93.79 ± 42.31	94.44 ± 28.69	0.93
Leukocyte (10^3/μL)	12892.30 ± 6271.211	14319.56 ± 9065.89	0.39
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	12.31 ± 2.20	12.27 ± 2.61	0.94
Hematocrit (%)	37.84 ± 7.29	37.47 ± 7.48	0.81
Blood glucose (mg/dL)	109.33 ± 37.31	132.87 ± 32.56	0.02
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	20.87 ± 15.58	46.97 ± 13.22	0.001
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.97 ± 0.27	2.05 ± 1.71	0.001
AST (U/L)	59.56 ± 27.30	51.38 ± 29.79	0.35
ALT (U/L)	47.38 ± 20.59	45.42 ± 18.51	0.76
Total protein (g/dL)	6.70 ± 0.85	6.36 ± 0.78	0.19
Albumin (g/dL)	3.72 ± 0.68	3.30 ± 0.57	0.003
Globulin (g/dL)	2.99 ± 0.67	3.11 ± 0.71	0.42
Sodium (mEq/L)	138.43 ± 4.42	138.17 ± 9.33	0.86
Potassium (mEq/L)	4.07 ± 0.64	4.55 ± 0.93	0.09
CRP (mg/L)	88.91 ± 30.52	137.23 ± 32.73	0.001
Procalcitonin (µg/L)	0.47 ± 0.21	1.28 ± 0.59	0.001

Table 4. Comparison of the results of blood gas analyses at admission to the ICU among discharged and expired patients.

	Discharged patients (n: 39)	Expired patients (n:47)	p Value
pH	7.37 ± 0.10	7.27 ± 0.12	0.001
paO2 (mmHg)	54.11 ± 14.02	44.32 ± 11.98	0.001
paCO2 (mmHg)	41.87 ± 14.51	50.65 ± 13.27	0.022
Hco3(mmol/L)	25.81 ± 7.49	25.41 ± 7.99	0.81
Oxygen saturation %	81.23 ± 9.55	70.26 ± 11.10	0.001
Lactate (mmol/L)	1.58 ± 0.38	2.06 ± 0.53	0.001

Table 5. The results of sputum cultures obtained from the patients.

	Discharged patients (n: 39)	Expired patients (n:47)
Normal flora	12	12
Klebsiella	3	1
Pseudomonas	3	5
S.pneumonia	6	0
S.aureus	3	1
Moraxella	1	1

Table 6. Risks factors for expiration in ICU hospitalizations due to community acquired pneumonia determined with univariate logistic regression analysis.

Factor	Odd’s ratio	95% Confidence Interval	p Value
Age >78 years	9.49	3.54–25.44	0.001
Drinking alcohol	3.66	0.94–14.25	0.045
Confusion	2.44	1.51–3.91	0.001
Diastolic blood pressure <60 mm-Hg	1.71	0.72–4.05	0.280
Blood glucose > 108 mg/dL	4.26	1.72–10.54	0.002
Blood urea nitrogen >21 mg/dL	2.43	1.39–4.23	0.001
Creatinine > 1.1 mg/dL	4.93	1.96–12.40	0.001
Albumin <3.5 g/dL	2.63	1.09–6.31	0.033
pH < 7.35	3.97	1.60–9.80	0.003
paO2 < 47 (mmHg)	1.67	0.70–3.95	0.281
paCO2 > 41 (mmHg)	2.35	0.98–5.62	0.041
Oxygen saturation <75%	4.80	1.92–11.99	0.001
CRP >89 (mg/L)	3.145	1.975–5.007	0.001
Procalcitonin >0.63 (µg/L)	10.06	3.91–25.85	0.001
Lactate >2 (mmol/L)	10.06	3.91–25.85	0.001

Table 7. Risks factors for expiration in ICU hospitalizations due to community acquired pneumonia determined with multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Factor	Odd’s ratio	95% Confidence Interval	p Value
Age >78 years	7.20	1.86–27.79	0.004
Drinking alcohol	1.49	0.87–2.92	0.087
Confusion	1.19	0.67–2.68	0.079
Blood glucose > 108 mg/dl	3.22	0.99–10.47	0.048
Blood urea nitrogen >21 mg/dL	1.57	0.67–4.17	0.262
Creatinine > 1.1 mg/dL	1.24	0.34–4.53	0.743
Albumin <3.5 g/dL	3.34	0.99–11.25	0.043
pH < 7.35	4.15	0.95–18.01	0.042
paCO2 > 41 mmHg	0.507	0.10–2.35	0.386
Oxygen saturation <75%	2.00	0.57–7.028	0.278
CRP >89 (mg/L)	1.67	0.62 – 4.98	0.104
Procalcitonin >0.63 (µg/L)	4.42	1.05–24.01	0.034
Lactate >2 mmol/L	9.22	1.23–28.46	0.001