11,588
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Hashtag activism and the configuration of counterpublics: Dutch animal welfare debates on Twitter

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 1694-1711 | Received 23 May 2019, Accepted 16 Jan 2020, Published online: 04 Feb 2020

Figures & data

Figure 1. (a) Over-fed chicken debate: Number of sampled tweets per actor group per month (N = 2107). (b) Kilo stunner debate: Number of sampled tweets per actor group per month (N = 1404).

Figure 1. (a) Over-fed chicken debate: Number of sampled tweets per actor group per month (N = 2107). (b) Kilo stunner debate: Number of sampled tweets per actor group per month (N = 1404).

Table 1. Number of unique authors, hashtags, mentioned usernames, and retweeted usernames in the over-fed chicken and kilo stunner debates.

Figure 2. (a) Co-occurring 67 hashtags and 45 addressed usernames (used ≤ 5 times) in the over-fed chicken debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer, node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence. (b) Co-occurring 57 hashtags and 26 addressed usernames (used ≤ 5 times) in the kilo stunner debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer. Node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence.

Figure 2. (a) Co-occurring 67 hashtags and 45 addressed usernames (used ≤ 5 times) in the over-fed chicken debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer, node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence. (b) Co-occurring 57 hashtags and 26 addressed usernames (used ≤ 5 times) in the kilo stunner debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer. Node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence.

Figure 3. (a) Co-occurring 74 retweeted usernames (used ≤ 2 times) in the over-fed chicken debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer. Node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence. (b) Co-occurring 47 retweeted usernames (used ≤ 2 times) in the kilo stunner debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer. Node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence.

Figure 3. (a) Co-occurring 74 retweeted usernames (used ≤ 2 times) in the over-fed chicken debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer. Node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence. (b) Co-occurring 47 retweeted usernames (used ≤ 2 times) in the kilo stunner debate authored by media, citizens, environmental organizations, eco industry, conventional industry. Kamada-Kawai layout in Pajek, clustering with Newman algorithm in VosViewer. Node size proportional to frequency of use, line thickness to strength of co-occurrence.