Beyond being either-or: identification of multiracial and multiethnic Japanese

Figures & data

Table 1. Self-identification.

	Japanese	More Japanese	Japanese and mixed	Mixed	More American	Human being	Total
Frequency	9	2	2	9	2	5	29

Table 2. Self-identification and ascribed identity by background.

Mix				Ascribed identity					Total
			Japanese	Japanese and haafu	Haafu	Foreigner and Japanese	Foreigner and haafu	Foreigner
Multiracial	Self-identification	Japanese		0	0	1	1	1	3
		More Japanese		1	1	0	0	0	2
		Japanese and mixed		1	0	0	0	0	1
		Mixed		0	0	1	1	2	4
		More American		0	0	0	0	2	2
		Human being		0	0	0	2	1	3
	Total			2	1	2	4	6	15
Multiethnic	Self-identification	Japanese	2	3				1	6
		Japanese and mixed	1	0				0	1
		Mixed	2	3				0	5
		Human being	2	0				0	2
	Total		7	6				1	14

*The category includes interviewees with American, Australian, British, Italian, Nigerian, Norwegian, Palestinian and Swiss background for the purpose of the analysis.

**The category includes interviewees with Chinese, Filipina, Hong Kongese, Korean, Singaporian, Thai and Taiwanese background for the purpose of the analysis.

Table

Name	Age	Employment	Father	Mother	Place of upbringing
Anna Park	24	Student	Zainichi Korean	Japanese	Yamaguchi
Shou Sato	21	Student	British	Japanese	UK, Tokyo
Daiki Smith	21	Student	American	Japanese	California, Tokyo
Michael Miller Suzuki	21	Student	American	Japanese	Japan
Keiko Tanaka	25	Working	American	Japanese	Osaka, Tokyo
Yuuto Christopher Ito	24	Working	British	Japanese	Miyagi
Jessica Johnson	22	Student	Australian	Japanese	Tokyo
Takumi Watanabe	24	Student	Japanese	Filipina	Philippines, Tokyo
Yoko Yamamoto	22	Student	Japanese	Singaporean	Singapore, Tokyo
Hiroshi Nakamura	21	Student	Korean	Japanese	Aichi, US
Ashley Williams	24	Working	Swiss	Japanese	Tokyo
Takashi Kobayashi	22	Student	Japanese	Filipina	Tokyo
Akira-Matthew Kato	24	Student	Japanese	Italian	Tokyo
Kazuko Yoshida	22	Student	Japanese	Filipina	Tokyo
Tomoko Yamada	19	Student	American	Japanese	Akita
Brittany Jones	23	Working	American	Japanese	Tokyo
Makoto Sasaki	22	Student	Thai	Taiwanese *Japanese	Tokyo
Amanda Brown	23	Working	Nigerian	Japanese	Tokyo
Akemi Yamaguchi	19	Student	Japanese	Chinese *Japanese	Tokyo, Middle East
Takeshi Nakamura	20	Student	Japanese	Korean	Tokyo
Ken Koizumi	19	Student	British	Japanese	UK, Sendai
Sakura Miyoshi	20	Student	Japanese	Chinese	Tokyo, Nagoya, China, Sydney
Mei Fujita	20	Student	Japanese	Hong Kongese	Tokyo, Indonesia, China
Nanyo Kanda	22	Student	Japanese	Thai	Tokyo
Koh Maeda	22	Student	Japanese	American	Tokyo
Shelly Endo	24	Working	Norwegian	Japanese	Tokyo
Kana Mohammad Hashimoto	23	Student	Palestinian	Japanese	Tokyo
Reina Shimizu	23	Student	Japanese	Filipina	Shizuoka, Tokyo, Philippine
Yuki Yokoyama	22	Student	Japanese	Korean	Tokyo