Guilt by association? The criminalisation of sea rescue NGOs in Italian media

Figures & data

Table 1. Media coverage of sea rescue NGOs, 2014–2019.

Year	Total articles		Total words
	Il Giornale	La Repubblica	Il Giornale	La Repubblica
2019	308	360	163,369	194,916
2018	174	159	93,585	101,168
2017	233	230	136,922	137,032
2016	23	38	13,786	24,069
2015	12	18	6,596	10,677
2014	5	5	2,683	2,373
Totals	755	810	416,941	470,235

Figure 1. Migrants rescued at sea per actor, 2014–2019.

Figure 2. Iterations of the term ‘smuggler’.

Figure 3. Keywords associated with securitising and humanitarian frames.

Figure 4. Use of derogatory metaphors.

Figure 5. Use of nationality adjectives and ‘foreigner’ with reference to NGOs.