Patient preferences and health state utilities associated with dulaglutide and semaglutide injection devices among patients with type 2 diabetes in Italy

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics (n = 216).

Characteristics	Statistics (n = 216)
Age (Mean, SD)	60.5 (9.91)
Gender (n, %)
Male	125 (57.9%)
Female	91 (42.1%)
Location (n, %)
Rome	108 (50.0%)
Milan	108 (50.0%)
Ethnicity (n, %)
White	213 (98.6%)
Asian	0 (0.0%)
Black	1 (0.5%)
Other	2 (0.9%)
Employment status (n, %)
Full-time work	69 (31.9%)
Part-time work	28 (13.0%)
Other	119 (55.1%)
Education level (n, %)
University degree	36 (16.7%)
No University degree	180 (83.3%)
Currently receiving medication for diabetes (n, %)
Yes	200 (92.6%)
No	16 (7.4%)
If yes:
Oral only	147 (68.1%)
Non-insulin injectable only	0 (0.0%)
Insulin only	29 (13.4%)
Oral and non-insulin injectable	7 (3.2%)
Oral and insulin	17 (7.9%)

Table 2. Health state preference rankings.

	Three type 2 diabetes health states varying by mode of treatment administration (n = 216)
Rank order of preference	Oral treatment	Oral + dulaglutide injection device	Oral + semaglutide injection device
First (most preferable)	215 (99.5%)	1 (0.5%)	0 (0%)
Second (second most preferable)	1 (0.5%)	190 (88.0%)	25 (11.6%)
Third (least preferable)	0 (0%)	25 (11.6%)	191 (88.4%)

Table 3. Mean health state utility (n = 216).

Type 2 diabetes health states varying by mode of treatment administration	Mean utility^a	SD	95% CI
Oral treatment	0.907	0.076	0.897–0.917
Oral treatment plus weekly dulaglutide injection	0.894	0.085	0.882–0.905
Oral treatment plus weekly semaglutide injection	0.887	0.087	0.875–0.898

^aTTO utility scores are on a scale anchored with 0 representing dead and 1 representing full health.

Table 4. Health state utility comparison (n = 216).

Health states	Mean (SD) utility^a	Mean (SD) difference score	t-value (paired)	p-value
Oral treatment plus weekly dulaglutide injection	0.894 (0.085)	0.007 (0.019)	5.3	< 0.0001
Oral treatment plus weekly semaglutide injection	0.887 (0.087)

^aTTO utility scores are on a scale anchored with 0 representing dead and 1 representing full health.

Data availability statement

Data are available upon request.