Figure 1. Sample selection flow chart.
Table 1. Baseline characteristics before and after PSM.
Table 2. Hospital length-of-stay between ICS and non-ICS cohort by surgical site.
Table 3. Total direct medical costs between ICS and non-ICS cohorts.
Table 4. Impact of ICS on hospital LOS.
Table 5. Impact of ICS on total direct cost and respiratory-related costs.
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