Economic modeling of reSET-O, a prescription digital therapeutic for patients with opioid use disorder

Figures & data

Figure 1. Average 12-week healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) costs in 2019 US dollars (USD) of patients adherent and nonadherent to buprenorphine, separated into inpatient, outpatient, and drug costs. Costs were estimated based on MarketScan healthcare claims of adults with opioid use disorder.

Figure 2. Cost-effectiveness acceptability. Lines labeled reSET-O + TAU and TAU indicate the probability of a payer considering the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of reSET-O in conjunction with treatment as usual (reSET-O + TAU) acceptable or unacceptable, respectively, as a function of the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold per 1 percentage-point increase in the buprenorphine treatment retention rate.

Table 1. Specifics of the input parameters used for the probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Parameter	Point estimate	Low	High	Distribution	Standard error
Number of units
Office visits (12 weeks)	6.00	5.40	6.60	Gamma	0.306
Urinalysis (12 weeks)	36.00	32.40	39.60	Gamma	1.837
Buprenorphine (12 weeks)	3.00	2.70	3.30	Gamma	0.153
Costs
reSET-O (12 weeks)	$1,500	1350.00	1650.00	Gamma	76.531
Office visits (per session)	$33	29.70	36.30	Gamma	1.684
Urinalysis (unit cost)	$70	63.00	77.00	Gamma	3.571
Buprenorphine (per month)	$123	110.53	135.09	Gamma	6.266
HCRU
reSET-O + TAU	$5,323	4904	5873	Gamma	247.194
TAU	$6,519	6539	7394	Gamma	218.112
Retention rate
reSET-O + TAU	80.40%	72.36%	88.44%	Beta	0.041
TAU	64.10%	57.69%	70.51%	Beta	0.033

Abbreviations. HCRU, Healthcare resource utilization; TAU, Treatment as usual.

Table 2. Percentage of patients in the MarketScan databases meeting specified criteria.

Criteria	% (N)
Plan size	100.0% (1,000,000)
Aged 18–64 years	69.8% (698,200)
Patients with OUD	0.15% (1,047)
Outpatient visit	36.1% (378)
Treated with buprenorphine	28.5% (108)
Aged ≥65 years	7.3% (73,200)
Patients with OUD	0.03% (22)
Outpatient visit	56.2% (12)
Treated with buprenorphine	10.4% (1)
Target population	0.01% (109)

The percentages were used to identify the number of members (N) in the target population of the budget impact model, assuming a healthcare plan size of 1,000,000 members.

Abbreviation. OUD, Opioid use disorder.

Table 3. Healthcare costs (in 2019 US dollars) associated with reSET-O + TAU and TAU for hypothetical markets in which reSET-O + TAU takes 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50% of the market share of TAU.

	Current market, 0%	New market, 10%	New market, 30%	New market, 50%
reSET-O + TAU
Treatment costs	$0	$49,998	$149,995	$249,992
HCRU costs	$0	$58,346	$175,037	$291,729
TAU
Treatment costs	$336,483	$302,835	$235,538	$168,242
HCRU costs	$711,328	$640,195	$497,929	$355,664
Total cost	$1,047,811	$1,051,374	$1,058,500	$1,065,626

Abbreviations. HCRU, Healthcare resource utilization; TAU, Treatment as usual.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from Truven Health MarketScan but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for this study, and so are not publicly available. Data are, however, available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of IBM Truven Health MarketScan.