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Abstract
The objectives of the present investigation were to determine whether subgroups of Cognitively-Impaired-Not-Demented (CIND) individuals with distinct neuropsychological profiles exist in two independent samples, and whether subgroup membership is related to diagnostic outcome over periods of 2 to 5 years. A series of cluster analyses was performed on ipsative factor z-scores derived from principal component analyses. Five subgroups were identified in the Base Sample (n = 461): Verbal Dysfunction,Verbal/Visuospatial Dysfunction,Memory/Verbal Dysfunction,Memory Dysfunction, and Visuospatial Dysfunction. This five-cluster solution was replicated in an independent sample of CIND individuals (n = 166). The highest rates of conversion to dementia were observed in the Memory Dysfunction and Memory/Verbal Dysfunction subgroups. The Verbal Dysfunction subgroup was most likely to show improvement in cognitive status. The cognitive heterogeneity of the CIND condition must be taken into account in future research focusing on the early identification of dementia.
The research described herein was conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation by the first author (K.R.P.). While conducting this research, the first author (K.R.P.) received support from a Doctoral Training Award jointly funded by the Alzheimer Society of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and by a Postgraduate Scholarship funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The CSHA was supported through the National Health Research and Development program grant # 6606-3954-MC[S]. The ACCORD study was supported through the MRC PMAC program grant # PA14197 awarded to H.F.
We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to the participants and their families for their commitment to both the CSHA and ACCORD studies. We would also like to acknowledge the hard work performed by each centre that participated in each of these two studies.
Notes
The research described herein was conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation by the first author (K.R.P.). While conducting this research, the first author (K.R.P.) received support from a Doctoral Training Award jointly funded by the Alzheimer Society of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and by a Postgraduate Scholarship funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The CSHA was supported through the National Health Research and Development program grant # 6606-3954-MC[S]. The ACCORD study was supported through the MRC PMAC program grant # PA14197 awarded to H.F.
We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to the participants and their families for their commitment to both the CSHA and ACCORD studies. We would also like to acknowledge the hard work performed by each centre that participated in each of these two studies.