Self-reported subjective cognitive decline is associated with global cognition in a community sample of Latinos/as/x living in the United States

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics by ethnic group (n = 83)

	Non-Hispanic Whites (n = 48)	Latinos/as (n = 35)	t or χ^2	p-value	Cohen’s d
Demographic Characteristics
Age (years)	71.81 (4.27)	73.97 (7.06)	−1.73	.087	.39
Education (years)	16.71 (2.23)	14.94 (2.96)	3.10	.003**	.69
Men:Women (total)	12:36	16:19	3.89	.049*	–
Mood & Cognition
GDS-15 Total Score	1.13 (1.44)	1.32 (1.59)	−.57	.572	.13
MDRS Total Score	139.54 (2.89)	136.97 (4.10)	3.33	.001**	.75
SCD-Q Total Score	5.21 (4.63)	7.32 (4.65)	−1.97	.053	.46

* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001.

All values listed are means (standard deviations) unless otherwise noted. P-values were derived from independent samples t-tests and χ² tests.

Abbreviations: GDS-15 = Geriatric Depression Scale-15; MDRS = Mattis Dementia Rating Scale; SCD-Q = Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire.

Table 2. Effects of ethnicity in the association of SCD-Q with MDRS total scores and follow-up analyses stratified by ethnicity

MDRS Scores
Full Analytic Sample (n = 83)	B (SE)	β	t	p
Ethnic Group x SCD-Q Total^a	−.65 (.15)	−1.30	−4.33	<.001***
Ethnic Group x SCD-Q Total^b	−.52 (.16)	−1.05	−3.33	.001**
Ethnic Group x SCD-Q Total^c	−.55 (.16)	−1.09	−3.46	<.001***
Stratified by Ethnicity
MDRS Scores
NHWs (n = 48)	B (SE)	β	t	p
SDQ-Total^a	.10 (.09)	.15	1.03	.308
SCD-Q Total^b	.11 (.09)	.17	1.25	.220
SCD-Q Total^c	.11 (.10)	.18	1.14	.260
Latinos/as (n = 35)	B (SE)	β	t	p
SDQ-Total^a	−.56 (.12)	−.66	−4.61	<.001***
SCD-Q Total^b	−.52 (.15)	−.62	−3.40	.002**
SCD-Q Total^c	−.70 (.17)	−.83	−4.18	<.001***

* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001.

Note: ^a = Model 1: Non-adjusted Model (no covariates); ^b = Model 2: Demographically Adjusted Model (includes age and education); ^c = Model 3: Fully Adjusted Model (includes age, education, and GDS-15 scores).

For the full analytic sample analysis, NHWs served as the reference group to test the interaction of ethnicity in the association of SCD-Q and MDRS scores. B (SE) denotes unstandardized b-coefficient and corresponding standard error. β denotes the standardized coefficient. All variables included in the full analytic sample analysis (i.e., interaction analysis) were centered.

Abbreviations: MDRS = Mattis Dementia Rating Scale; SCD-Q = Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire; NHWs = Non-Hispanic Whites

Figure 1. Ethnic differences in the association of SCD-Q and MDRS total scores.

* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001.Abbreviations: MDRS = Mattis Dementia Rating Scale; SCD-Q = Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire.Note: MDRS total scores reflect unstandardized residual values, adjusted for age, education, and GDS-15 scores. SCD-Q total scores reflect centered values.

Figure 2. Relationship between self and informant SCD-Q scores and MDRS performance within the Latino/a group (n = 22).

* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001. Abbreviations: MDRS = Mattis Dementia Rating Scale; SCD-Q = Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire.

Figure 3. Preliminary associations of self-reported SCD-Q, entorhinal cortex thickness, and left hippocampal volume in Latinos/as (n = 12).

* p<.05, ** p<.01, *** p<.001. Abbreviations: SCD-Q = Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire. Scatterplots depict unstandardized adjusted residuals. Residuals were calculated via regression analyses with covariates as the independent variables and SCD-Q total scores, entorhinal cortex thickness, or hippocampal volume as the dependent variables. Entorhinal thickness was adjusted for age and hippocampal volume was adjusted for age and intracranial volume.

Table 3. Sensitivity analyses: association of SCD-Q scores with MDRS scores filtering groups based on lowest education level and MDRS scores <132

	MDRS Scores
	B (SE)	β	t	p
Non-Hispanic Whites (n = 48)
SCD-Q Total	.11 (.10)	.18	1.14	.260
Latinos/as (n = 27) SCD-Q Total	−.45 (.14)	−.82	−3.21	.005**

* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001.

Note: Coefficients and statistics listed portray fully adjusted (age, education, and GDS-15 scores) regression analyses for each ethnic group separately after filtering out individuals based on lowest education level and scores <132 on the MDRS.

Abbreviations: MDRS = Mattis Dementia Rating Scale; SCD-Q = Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire