Omega-3 attenuates high fat diet-induced kidney injury of female rats and renal programming of their offsprings

Abstract

Context: Maternal diet composition could influence fetal organogenesis.

Objective: We investigated effects of high fat diet (HFD) intake alone or combined with omega 3 during pregnancy, lactation and early days of weaning on nephrogenesis of pups and maternal renal function and morphology.

Material and methods: Mothers and their pups included in each group were supplied with the same diet composition. Rats were divided into group I, II and III supplied with chow of either 10 kcal%, 45 kcal% or 45 kcal% from fat together with omega-3 respectively.

Results: Group II showed increased serum urea and creatinine, renal TNF-α, IL1β. Structural injury was observed in mothers and their pups as Bowman’s capsule and tubular dilatation and increased expression of PCNA that were decreased following omega-3 supplementation added to down regulation of Wnt4, Pax2 gene and podocin expression.

Discussion and conclusion: Omega-3 supplementation improves lipid nephrotoxicity observed in mothers and their pups.

Keywords:

• Nephrotoxicity
• renal programing
• podocin
• Pax2
• Wnt4
• PCNA

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to National Research Center for supplying this project with animals and conducting the present work in the animal house.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.