Burden of metabolic syndrome among primary care patients in Crete, Greece: A descriptive study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Recruitment flowchart. k: general practitioners; n: patients.

Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics and health habits of 815primary care patients, 40 years of age or older, with availability of recent laboratory examinations. Crete (Greece), 2015.

Variable	n	%
Gender
Male	361	44.3
Female	454	55.7
Age, years
40–59	268	33.0
60–79	457	56.4
80–98	86	10.6
mean ± stand. dev. (min.–max.)	65.2 ± 12.0 (40–98)
Marital Status
Single	54	6.7
Married	602	74.4
Divorced	28	3.5
Widowed	125	15.5
Area of living
Urban	521	63.9
Rural	294	36.1
Occupation
Employed	409	50.2
Unemployed / retired	405	49.8
Education level
None	79	9.8
Primary school	378	46.9
High school	237	29.4
University, college	102	12.7
Post graduate	5	0.6
PhD	5	0.6
mean years ± stand. dev. (min.–max.)	6.1 ± 4.1 (0–20)
Monthly family income, Euros
<500	229	29.3
500–1000	329	42.2
1000–1500	168	21.5
1500–2000	22	2.8
>2000	33	4.2
Smoking
Current smoker	156	19.2
No/former smoker	658	80.8
Physical activity (at least 20′ of vigorous activities for 3 times/week)
Yes	203	25.0
No	608	75.0

Figure 2. Frequencies of cardio metabolic conditions in primary care patients, 40 years of age or older, with availability of recent laboratory examinations, by gender and age. Crete (Greece), 2015. 810 out of 815 patients had complete data for hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease. Grey lines show the 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

Table 2. Frequencies of metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors in primary care patients, 40 years of age or older, with availability of recent laboratory examinations. Crete (Greece), 2015.

Risk factors & MetS criteria^a	Mean (stand. dev.)			p-Value ^b
	Total (n = 815)	Males (n = 361)	Females (n = 454)
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	129.8 (14.3)	131.2 (12.8)	128.6 (15.2)	0.002
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	78.5 (9.0)	79.0 (9.1)	78.0 (8.9)	0.183
>130/85 mmHg or medication	72.4%	76.2%	69.4%	0.031
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	111.7 (33.7)	116.3 (36.7)	108.1 (30.7)	<0.001
≥100 mg/dl or medication	61.8%	71.2%	54.4%	<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	138.6 (78.5)	144.1 (89.8)	134.2 (68.0)	0.130
≥150 mg/dl or medication	70.3%	75.1%	66.5%	0.009
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	51.6 (15.7)	48.3 (14.3)	54.2 (16.3)	<0.001
<40 mg/dl (M), <50 mg/dl (F) or medication	71.4%	69.0%	73.3%	0.185
Waist circumference (cm)	103.2 (15.5)	107.0 (14.2)	100.1 (15.9)	<0.001
>102cm (M), >88cm (F)	66.0%	59.3%	71.4%	<0.001

^aAccording to the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III–revision 2005) guidelines for metabolic syndrome (MetS).

^b p-Values calculated using Mann–Whitney and Chi-square tests.

Figure 3. Gender differences in risk factor frequencies among patients 40 years of age or older, with availability of recent laboratory examinations, meeting diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (n = 600). Crete (Greece), 2015. Diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III – revision 2005) criteria. Grey lines show the 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CIs).

Table 3. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors in 815 primary care patients, 40 years of age or older, with availability of recent laboratory examinations. Crete (Greece), 2015.

MetS risk factors^a	n (%; 95%CIs)^b
	Total	Males	Females
None	34 (4.2; 2.9,5.5)	7 (1.9; 0.9,3.8)	27 (5.9; 4.0,8.4)
1	72 (8.8; 6.9,10.8)	29 (8.0; 5.6,11.2)	43 (9.5; 7.0,12.4)
2	109 (13.4; 11.2,15.7)	52 (14.4; 11.1,18.3)	57 (12.6; 9.7,15.8)
3+ or MetS	600 (73.6; 70.4,76.6)	273 (75.6; 71.0,79.8)	327 (72.0; 67.8,76.0)

^aAccording to the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III–revision 2005) guidelines for metabolic syndrome (MetS).

^b95% CIs, 95% confidence intervals.