Transitioning from face-to-face to distance education. Part 1: A cross-sectional study in the former Yugoslavia during COVID-19

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of participants.

Country	Med. faculties in a country	Number of participants n (%)
	Participated/Total	Students	Trainees	Teachers	Total
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4/6	6 (26)	7 (13)	10 (25)	23 (20)
Croatia	4/4	6 (26)	16 (30)	10 (25)	32 (27)
Kosovo	1/1	0 (0)	1 (2)	2 (5)	3 (3)
Montenegro	1/1	2 (9)	19 (35)	1 (2)	22 (19)
North Macedonia	3/3	5 (22)	3 (6)	7 (18)	15 (13)
Serbia	2/4	0 (0)	6 (11)	3 (7)	9 (8)
Slovenia	2/2	4 (17)	2 (4)	7 (18)	13 (11)
Gender
Male		12 (52)	15 (28)	9 (22)	36 (31)
Female		10 (44)	39 (72)	31 (78)	80 (68)
No answer		1 (4)			1 (1)
Age group
< 35 y				2 (5)
35–55 y				26 (65)
> 55 y				12 (30)
Academic position
Assistant lecturer				17 (43)
Lecturer				9 (22)
Associated professor				5 (13)
Other				9 (22)
Total	17/21	23 (20)	54 (46)	40 (34)	117

Table 2. Preparation for online classes and opinions about its future use.

	Students		Residents		Teachers		Diff.
Variable	n (%)	Total	n (%)	Total	n (%)	Total	P
Previous experience with distance education before COVID-19
Yes	15 (65)	23	22 (42)	52	21 (53)	40	0.178
No	8 (35)		30 (58)		19 (47)
Online education formats attended/conducted during COVID-19
Lectures	23 (100)	23	48 (89)	54	32 (80)	40
Seminars	20 (87)		28 (52)		28 (70)
Clinical cases	18 (78)		19 (35)		22 (55)
Practical skills	8 (35)		5 (9)		19 (48)
Patient consultations	3 (13)		6 (11)		10 (25)
Other	0 (0)		5 (9)		2 (5)
Online education methods experienced during COVID-19
Synchronous	21 (91)	23	39 (72)	54	36 (90)	40
Pre-recorded	10 (43)		28 (52)		16 (40)
Hybrid	7 (30)		14 (26)		13 (33)
Individual study	7 (30)		13 (24)		–
Training in online education
Yes	6 (26)	23	8 (15)	54	12 (30)	40	0.191
No	17 (74)		46 (85)		28 (70)
How well has this training prepared you for online education?
	median (mode)	n	median (mode)	n	median (mode)	n
Scale: 1 (not at all); 2 (partly); 3 (neutral); 4 (mostly); 5 (completely)	4 (5)	6	4 (4)	8	3 (4)	12
I would be interested in conducting online classes after the pandemic?
	median (mode)	n	median (mode)	n	median (mode)	n
Scale: 1 (strongly disagree); 2 (disagree); 3 (neutral); 4 (agree); 5 (strongly agree)	4 (4)	23	3 (3,4)	52	3 (2,3,4)	40
Which forms of online education would be best suited to an online format after the pandemic?
Lectures	20 (87)	23	41 (76)	54	30 (75)	40
Seminars	14 (61)		21 (39)		17 (43)
Clinical cases	11 (48)		26 (48)		20 (50)
Practical skills	0 (0)		5 (9)		2 (5)
Patient consultations	2 (9)		9 (17)		15 (36)
Other	1 (4)		2 (4)		0 (0)

Figure 1. Teachers’ (T) and students’/trainees’ (St + Tr) confidence in distance education (DE) Absolute values of responders (total no. teachers: 40; total no. students + trainees: 77) Vertical bar represents the median of neutral responses.

Figure 2. Teachers’ (T) and students’/trainees’ (St + Tr) attitudes towards distance education Absolute values of responders (total no. teachers: 40; total no. students + trainees: 77). Vertical bar represents the median of neutral responses.