Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa with macular involvement associated with a disease haplotype that included a novel PRPH2 variant (p.Cys250Gly)

ABSTRACT

Background: It is known that PRPH2 variants appear to be rare causes of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in the Japanese population. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical and genetic features in autosomal dominant RP (adRP) patients with a novel disease-causing variant in the PRHP2 gene.

Materials and methods: A total of 57 unrelated Japanese probands with adRP were investigated in this study. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations include fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and electroretinography. Whole exome sequencing or Sanger sequencing for 25 targeted exons of multiple genes causing adRP was performed to identify disease-causing variants. Co-segregation and haplotype analyses were performed to determine a disease-causing gene variant and its haplotype.

Results: Genetic analysis identified a novel heterozygous PRPH2 variant (c.748T>G, p.Cys250Gly) as disease causing in four probands from four families. The variant co-segregated with the RP phenotype in the eight affected patients in all families. At least three of the four families shared the same haplotype for the variant allele. Clinically, seven of the eight affected patients exhibited typical RP presentation, as well as variable macular involvement including cystoid macular change, vitelliform-like appearance, choroidal neovascularization, and macular atrophy.

Conclusions: The same disease haplotype that included a novel PRPH2 variant (p.Cys250Gly) was identified in three of the four Japanese families with adRP, suggesting a founder effect. Our clinical findings indicate that adRP caused by the p.Cys250Gly variant may accompany macular involvement with high frequency.

KEYWORDS:

• Autosomal dominant
• haplotype
• mutation
• PRPH2
• retinitis pigmentosa

Declaration of interest

No conflicting relationship exists for any author.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by grants from Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases (17ek0109282h0001 to T.I.) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (25462738 to T.H. and 17K11434 to T.H.).