Antitumor Activity of Extracts from Peperomia elongata.

Figures & data

Table 1.. IC₅₀ (µg/mL) values of Peperomica elongata. extracts against different tumor cell lines.

	Cell lines
	HL-60	CEM	HCT-8	B-16	MCF-7
Extracts			IC50 (µg/mL)
Leaves
Ethanol	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20
Hexane	12.0 (3.2–45.7)	> 20	6.3 (2.5–16.1)	> 20	> 20
Hexane:AcOEt	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20
AcOEt	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20
AcOEt 2	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20
Hexane 1	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20
Stems
Ethanol	2.6 (1.7–4.2)	3.8 (3.4–4.1)	9.0 (7.9–10.2)	4.8 (4.0–5.8)	7.7 (6.1–9.8)
MeOH:H2O insoluble	5.8 (4.8–6.9)	6.8 (3.3–14.0)	11.6 (8.6–15.9)	6.2 (4.4–8.9)	5.3 (4.2–6.6)
Hexane	4.1 (3.7–4.5)	4.6 (2.9–7.2)	7.3 (6.0–8.9)	4.7 (3.9–5.6)	6.3 (4.9–8.0)
Hexane:AcOEt	10.7 (7.0–16.3)	3.7 (2.8–4.9)	> 20	7.8 (5.9–10.1)	11.4 (10.3–12.5)
AcOEt	11.5 (6.4–20.5)	> 20	14.9 (7.9–28.1)	16.2 (12.2–21.4)	> 20
Roots
Ethanol	> 20	15.5 (11.1–21.5)	> 20	> 20	> 20
R1	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20	> 20
R3	> 20	11.4 (7.6–17.1)	> 20	> 20	> 20
R4	7.1 (4.9–10.4)	8.2 (6.0–11.2)	> 20	5.4 (2.9–10.1)	19.8 (16.4–23.9)

The IC₅₀ and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained by nonlinear regression using the GraphPad Prism program. Experiments are performed in duplicate or triplicate.

Table 2.. Antimitotic activity of Peperomia elongata. extracts on sea urchin (Lytechinus variegatus.) egg developement.

	Embryogenic stage
	First cleavage	Third cleavage	Blastulae
Extracts		IC50 (µg/mL)
Leaves
Hexane	126.7 (31.0–518.5)	113.8 (92.4–140.1)	27.8 (21.9–35.4)
Stems
Ethanol	46.1 (44.8–47.5)	24.9 (21.0–29.6)	33.5 (31.7–35.5)
MeOH:H2O insoluble	61.1 (55.1–67.7)	44.1 (41.1–47.3)	38.0 (31.4–46.1)
Hexane	32.3 (31.0–33.7)	9.2 (8.6–9.9)	10.4 (10.3–10.4)
Hexane:AcOEt	55.4 (48.9–62.8)	2.1 (0.5–9.0)	43.4 (39.3–48.0)
AcOEt	168.9 (156.4–182.4)	62.2 (56.9–67.9)	22.8 (22.7–22.9)
Roots
Hexane	92.8 (67.6–127.4)	20.3 (18.1–22.8)	8.5 (7.7–9.5)

Data are presented as IC₅₀ values, and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained by nonlinear regression using the GraphPad Prism program. Experiments are performed in quadruplicate. Antimitotic activity was noted for the extract when IC₅₀ < 100 µ/mL in at least one of the three phases of sea urchin egg development.

Figure 1 Photomicrographs showing the effect of the hexane fraction of the ethanol extract obtained from the stems of Peperomia elongata. on the sea urchin egg development: (A, B, C) control; (D, E, F) treated with 100 µg/mL at first and third cleavages and blastulae stages, respectively. Horizontal bar = 100 µm. The arrows indicate cell destruction.

Table 3.. Hemolytic activity of Peperomia elongata. extracts on mouse erythrocyte (2%).

Extracts	EC50(µg/mL)
Leaves
Hexane	941.6 (795.7–1114.0)
Stems
Ethanol	595.0 (566.6–624.9)
MeOH:H2O insoluble	493.9 (477.7–510.7)
Hexane	157.5 (151.2–164.0)
Hexane:AcOEt	> 1000
AcOEt	> 1000
Roots
R4	> 1000

The EC₅₀ and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained by nonlinear regression using the GraphPad Prism program. Experiments were performed in triplicate.