Antioxidative and Hepatoprotective Effects of Physalis peruviana Extract against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Total antioxidant activity of P. peruviana aqueous extract (PPWE). Data are presented as the percentage of antioxidant activity, means ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05 vs vitamin C group as analyzed by Dunn's test.

Table 1.  DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power of P. peruviana aqueous extract (PPWE).

DPPH radical scavenging activity
Concentration	% Scavenging
5 μ g/ml Vitamin C	94.64 ± 0.50
50 μ g/ml PPWE	13.17 ± 0.94*
100 μ g/ml PPWE	22.04 ± 0.91*
300 μ g/ml PPWE	52.72 ± 1.49*

Reducing power
Concentration	Absorbance at 700 nm
50 μ g/ml Vitamin C	53.66 ± 1.49
250 μ g/ml PPWE	14.30 ± 0.08*
500 μ g/ml PPWE	26.33 ± 0.22*
1000 μ g/ml PPWE	50.22 ± 0.32

Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 3).

*P < 0.05 vs vitamin C group as analyzed by Dunn's test.

Figure 2.  Effects of P. peruviana aqueous extract (PPWE) on the levels of (A) serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT), (B) serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT) and (C) serum alkaline phosphatase (sALP) in APAP-induced rats. Data are presented as means ± SD of seven independent analyses. *P < 0.05 vs control group; ^#P < 0.05 vs APAP group as analyzed by Dunn's test.

Table 2.  Biochemical assessment of APAP-induced liver injury.

	CAT	SOD	GPx	TBARS
Control	28.9 ± 5.2	2.64 ± 0.19	4.39 ± 0.92	1.34 ± 0.43
APAP^ϕ	30.5 ± 4.4	1.84 ± 0.30*	4.68 ± 1.14	2.04 ± 0.36*
APAP+PP150	31.2 ± 1.3	2.03 ± 0.19*	5.83 ± 0.65*	1.82 ± 0.49
APAP+PP300	36.6 ± 1.9*	2.32 ± 0.19^#	6.94 ± 0.68*^#	1.31 ± 0.34^#
APAP+PP600	43.4 ± 6.3*^#	2.36 ± 0.34^#	7.19 ± 0.43*^#	1.28 ± 0.46^#

Data are presented as means ± SD (n = 7). *P < 0.05 vs control group and ^# P < 0.05 vs APAP group as analyzed by Dunn's test. ^ϕAPAP: 850 mg/kg; CAT: Catalase (U/mg protein); SOD: Superoxide dismutase (U/mg protein); GPx: Glutathione peroxidase (U/mg protein); TBARS: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (nmole/g protein).

Figure 3.  Histopathological observation of liver sections in APAP alone and APAP + PP treated rats. Liver sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE stain 176 x). A: Control; B: APAP (850 μg/ml) alone; C: APAP(850 μg/ml) + PP(150 μ g/ml); D: APAP(850 μg/ml) + PP(300 μ g/ml); E: APAP(850 μ g/ml) + PP(600 μ g/ml).