Identification and comparison of the volatile constituents of fresh and dried leaves of Spondias mombin found in North-central Nigeria: in vitro evaluation of their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities

Figures & data

Table 1. Percentage composition of essential oils of fresh and dried leaves of S. mombin.

Constituents^a	Formula	RI^b	RI^c	GC: retention time	Percentage (%) composition
				(min)	Fresh	Dried
alpha-Pinene	C10H16	939	932	13.741	0.003	0.003
alpha-Thujene	C10H16	926	930	14.244	0.003	0.004
gamma-Terpene	C10H16	1060	1056	14.924	0.008	0.009
Fenchone	C10H16	1087	1087	15.158	0.007	0.008
Neral	C10H16	1240	1240	15.312	6.182	9.421
Geranial	C10H16	1272	1272	15.399	3.727	3.841
Isoartemisia	C10H16	1063	1063	16.458	0.003	0.003
1,8-Cineole	C10H18O	1031	1031	16.535	0.007	0.008
Geraniol	C10H18O	1250	1253	17.161	0.003	0.003
Nerol	C10H18O	1227	1227	17.468	0.004	0.005
Borneol	C10H18O	1175	1165	17.772	0.006	0.007
Eugenol	C10H18O	1358	1358	17.866	0.003	0.004
Linalool	C10H18O	1097	1095	18.055	0.001	0.001
alpha-Terpineol	C10H18O	1186	1189	18.667	0.003	0.004
Terpinen-4-ol	C10H18O	1177	1174	18.843	0.003	0.004
Thymyl methyl ether	C11H16O	1199	1199	19.690	0.004	0.004
Linalyl acetate	C12H22O2	1237	1237	20.789	0.006	0.006
Ethyl cinnamate	C11H12O2	1465	1465	21.437	0.007	0.008
beta-Sesquiphellandrene	C15H24	1500	1500	21.501	0.009	0.010
beta-Bisabolene	C15H24	1485	1505	21.906	0.006	0.006
beta-Caryophyllene	C15H24	1421	1421	22.604	27.875	30.938
trans-alpha-Bergamotene	C15H24	1432	1432	22.853	0.006	0.007
gamma-Cadinene	C15H24	1513	1514	22.994	12.292	9.717
beta-Elemene	C15H24	1391	1389	23.351	4.188	3.209
beta-Cadinene	C15H24	1519	1519	23.804	7.785	6.613
Bicyclogermacrene	C15H24	1499	1500	24.725	0.002	0.006
alpha-Copane	C15H24	1397	1377	25.616	0.003	0.003
Acetyl eugenol	C12H14O3	1521	1521	26.829	0.003	0.003
Elemicin	C12H16O3	1555	1555	27.062	0.001	0.002
alpha-Humulene	C15H24	1455	1453	28.052	8.074	5.365
Caryophyllene oxide	C15H24O	1587	1583	28.635	6.945	6.247
gamma-Muurolene	C15H24	1478	1477	28.837	4.004	3.386
alpha-Selinene	C15H24	1498	1498	28.915	0.005	0.005
alpha-Muurolene	C15H24	1496	1496	29.181	5.943	4.242
beta-Selinene	C10H16	1489	1498	29.348	0.002	0.002
5-Isocedranol	C15H26O	1519	1519	29.536	6.412	9.535
alpha-Gurjunene	C15H24	1408	1409	29.671	6.394	7.350
Torreyol	C15H26 O	1644	1644	29.863	0.003	0.003
Tetradecanoic acid	C14H28O2	1671	1671	30.247	0.002	0.006
Hexadecanoic acid	C16H32O2	1959	1959	31.151	0.001	0.001
Total					99.99	99.99

^aConstituents listed in order of elution from a HP-5MS column.

^bRI = Retention indices relative to n-alkanes on HP-5MS column.

^cRI =Retention indices from literature.

Figure 1. Scavenging activity (hydroxyl radical) of S. mombin volatile oils.

Figure 2. Scavenging activity (Reducing power) of S. mombin volatile oils.