Detection and characterization of the metabolites of rutaecarpine in rats based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometer

Figures & data

Figure 1. The structure of rutaecarpine.

Figure 2. The proposed fragmentation pattern of rutaecarpine.

Figure 3. HREIC in 5 ppm for the multiple metabolites in rat plasma m/z 286.0975, 302.0924, 318.0873, 382.0492, 398.0441 and 478.1245.

Table 1. Summary of rutaecarpine metabolites in rat plasma.

Peak	tR	Theoretical mass m/z	Experimental mass m/z	Error (ppm)	Formula [M − H]^−	MS/MS fragment	Reactions
M0	26.99	286.0975	286.0982	2.4	C18H12ON3	MS^2 [286]: 169(100), 142(5) MS^3 [169]: 142(100)	Parent drug
M1	17.64	302.0924	302.0932	2.6	C18H12O2N3	MS^2 [302]: 274(100), 287(75), 169(18)	10-hydroxyrutaecarpine
M2	18.78	302.0924	302.0933	3.0	C18H12O2N3	MS^2 [302]: 287(100), 169(20)	3-hydroxyrutaecarpine
M3	11.26	318.0873	318.0882	2.8	C18H12O3N3	MS^2 [318]: 300(100), 290(40)	3,10-dihydroxyrutaecarpine
M4	17.02	382.0492	382.0501	2.4	C18H12O5N3S	MS^2 [382]: 302(100) MS^3 [302]: 274(100), 287(77), 260(12), 183(11)	Hydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M5	18.10	382.0492	382.0505	3.3	C18H12O5N3S	MS^2 [382]: 302(100) MS^3 [302]: 287(100), 274(18), 183(9)	Hydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M6	20.04	382.0492	382.0505	3.3	C18H12O5N3S	MS^2 [382]: 302(100) MS^3 [302]: 274(100), 287(56), 260(40), 169(5)	Hydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M7	22.95	382.0492	382.0505	3.3	C18H12O5N3S	MS^2 [382]: 302(100) MS^3 [302]: 259(100), 287(12), 169(8)	Hydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M8	8.71	398.0441	398.0452	2.7	C18H12O6N3S	MS^2 [398]: 318(100)	Dihydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M9	13.89	398.0441	398.0450	2.3	C18H12O6N3S	MS^2 [398]: 318(100)	Dihydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M10	16.30	398.0441	398.0454	3.3	C18H12O6N3S	MS^2 [398]: 318(100)	Dihydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M11	18.54	398.0441	398.0454	3.3	C18H12O6N3S	MS^2 [398]: 318(100), 147(5)	Dihydroxylation and sulphate conjugation
M12	12.79	478.1245	478.1255	2.1	C24H20O8N3	MS^2 [478]: 302(100), 274(8)	Hydroxylation and glucuronidation
M13	13.71	478.1245	478.1257	2.5	C24H20O8N3	MS^2 [478]: 302(100), 284(10)	Hydroxylation and glucuronidation
M14	14.84	478.1245	478.1256	2.3	C24H20O8N3	MS^2 [478]: 302(100), 274(4)	Hydroxylation and glucuronidation
M15	16.99	478.1245	478.1255	2.1	C24H20O8N3	MS^2 [478]: 302(100), 274(12), 284(6)	Hydroxylation and glucuronidation

Figure 4. Proposed major metabolic pathways of rutecarpine in rats.