Nanoparticle formulation increases Syzygium cumini antioxidant activity in Candida albicans-infected diabetic rats

Figures & data

Table 1. Effect of the treatment with ASc and NPASc in biochemical parameters in rats.

	Control	DM	CA	CA + ASc	CA + NPASc	DM + CA	DM + CA + ASc	DM + CA + NPASc
Serum
Glucose	83.2 ± 2.6b	358.2 ± 18.9a	83.7 ± 6.9b	90 ± 4.5b	90.5 ± 1.9b	346.5 ± 15a	180.2 ± 8.7c	153.1 ± 8.8d
Fructosamin	0.9 ± 0.1b	2.1 ± 0.1a	0.9 ± 0.1b	0.9 ± 0.1b	1.1 ± 0.1b	2 ± 0.3a	1.1 ± 0.1b	1 ± 0.1b
Cholesterol	86.8 ± 2.2b	107.4 ± 4a	85.2 ± 1.9b	79.3 ± 5.4b	76.4 ± 3.4b	111.8 ± 5.7a	89.1 ± 3.1b	74.7 ± 5.7c
Triglycerides	80.6 ± 3.4b	162.1 ± 9.4a	86.3 ± 3.1b	90.6 ± 3.2b	80.2 ± 6b	151.5 ± 3a	90.5 ± 5.8b	90.2 ± 4.3b
Creatinine	0.3 ± 0.1d	0.6 ± 0.1a	0.5 ± 0.1bc	0.4 ± 0.1c	0.4 ± 0.1bc	0.5 ± 0.1ab	0.3 ± 0.1d	0.2 ± 0.1d
Protein	6.9 ± 0.3a	5.4 ± 0.2b	6.9 ± 0.2a	6.5 ± 0.3a	6.5 ± 0.3a	5.8 ± 0.2b	6.6 ± 0.4a	6.9 ± 0.3a
Hepatic glycogen	1.2 ± 0.1b	0.8 ± 0.1e	1.1 ± 0.1b	1.1 ± 0.1b	1.2 ± 0.1b	0.9 ± 0.1c	1.6 ± 0.1a	1.8 ± 0.2a
Urine
Glucose	4.5 ± 0.4c	460.5 ± 14.4a	4.5 ± 0.6c	4.7 ± 0.3c	5.1 ± 0.6c	429.7 ± 26.7a	211.9 ± 11.1b	215.0 ± 9.4b
Protein	88.2 ± 8.3ce	134.8 ± 8.6b	82.9 ± 3.8ce	71.1 ± 6.1c	78.4 ± 9.3c	181.2 ± 8a	93.3 ± 6.7de	84.1 ± 10e
Urinary NAG	0.4 ± 0.04e	3.6 ± 0.4c	1.3 ± 0.1d	0.9 ± 0.1de	0.6 ± 0.1e	7.6 ± 1.1a	5.7 ± 0.3b	4 ± 0.4c
Kidney NAG	549.6 ± 23e	1306 ± 13a	1234 ± 37a	834.9 ± 27d	800.4 ± 31d	1120 ± 25a	998.7 ± 30c	946.8 ± 23c

Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Mean values with different letters in a row differ (p < 0.05) by the Duncan test. DM: diabetic rats; CA: rats infected with C. albicans; CA + ASc: rats infected with C. albicans and treated with ASc; CA + NPASc: rats infected with C. albicans and treated with NPASc; DM + CA: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans; DM + CA + ASc: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans and treated with ASc; DM + CA + NPASc: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans and treated with NPASc. Serum: Glucose (mg/dL), Fructosamine (mmol/L), Insulin (ng/mL), Cholesterol (mg/dL), Triglycerides (mg/dL), Creatinine (mg/dL), Protein (g/dL), Hepatic glycogen (mg/mg of tissue); Urine: Glucose (mg/dL), Protein (mg/dL), Urinary NAG (U/L), Kidney NAG (U/L/mg of tissue).

Figure 1. Effect of the treatment with ASc and NPASc on AOPP levels in serum (μM/L) and tissue (μmol/L/g of protein) of rats. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Mean values with different letters differ (p < 0.05) by the Duncan test. DM: diabetic rats; CA: rats infected with C. albicans; CA + ASc: rats infected with C. albicans and treated with ASc; CA + NPASc: rats infected with C. albicans and treated with NPASc; DM + CA: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans; DM + CA + ASc: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans and treated with ASc; DM + CA + NPASc: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans and treated with NPASc.

Figure 2. Effect of the treatment with ASc and NPASc on lipoperoxidation levels in serum (nmol of MDA/ml) and tissue (nmol of MDA/mg protein) of rats. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Mean values with different letters differ (p < 0.05) by the Duncan test. DM: diabetic rats; CA: rats infected with C. albicans; CA + ASc: rats infected with C. albicans and treated with ASc; CA + NPASc: rats infected with C. albicans and treated with NPASc; DM + CA: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans; DM + CA + ASc: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans and treated with ASc; DM + CA + NPASc: diabetic rats infected with C. albicans and treated with NPASc.