Antifungal and antioxidant activities of Coleonema album and C. pulchellum against skin diseases

Figures & data

Table 1. Antifungal activity of Coleonema album and C. pulchellum leaf extracts against Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum.

		Petroleum ether (μg/mL)		Acetone (μg/mL)		Methanol (μg/mL)		Ethanol (μg/mL)
Fungal strain	Plant species/test compound	MIC	MFC	MIC	MFC	MIC	MFC	MIC	MFC
Trichophyton rubrum	Coleonema album	3125	6250	781	6250	781	3125	1563	3125
	Coleonema pulchellum	3125	6250	3125	3125	195	3125	1563	6250
	Ketoconazole	>1000
	Griseofulvin	>1000
Trichophyton mentagrophytes	Coleonema album	3125	6250	1172	3250	391	3125	1563	6250
	Coleonema pulchellum	6250	6250	3125	6250	391	6250	1563	3125
	Ketoconazole	>1000
	Griseofulvin	>1000
Microsporum gypseum	Coleonema album	6250	6250	391	3125	195	3125	391	3125
	Coleonema pulchellum	6250	6250	781	3125	49	1563	781	3125
	Ketoconazole	<1000
	Griseofulvin	>1000

Bold values indicate the best antifungal activity.

Table 2. Coleonema album and C. pulchellum essential oil bioactive compounds.

Bioactive compounds (%)	Coleonema album	Coleonema pulchelum
Α-Terpineol	3.69	ND
Bicyclogermacrene	5.11	ND
Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene,4-methyl-1-(1-methyethyl)- β-Phellandrene	5.97	32.04
(+)-3-Carene	5.98	10.88
(+)-4-Carene	ND	3.76
Caryophyllene	24.91	6.98
Eucalyptol	2.58	ND
γ-Elemene	1.84	8.95
β-Myrcene	7.96	4.47
Octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)- β-copaene	7.53	ND
β-Ocimene	ND	9.46
1,3,6-Octatriene,3,7-dimethyl-, (Z)-β-ocimene	2.25	ND
α-Phellandrene	ND	1.60
α-Pinene	ND	7.43
β-Phellandrene	ND	3.73
β-Pinene	7.00	5.36
trans-β-Ocimene	9.49	ND
Others	15.69	5.34

ND: not detected.

Table 3. Effect of Coleonema album and C. pulchellum EO volatiles on Fungal Growth Index (FGI) (%) of Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes as compared to the control.

Fungal strains	Coleonema album oil FGI (%)	Coleonema pulchellum oil FGI (%)	Control FGI (%)
Trichophyton rubrum  (diameter) cm	0	0	566.67
Trichophyton mentagrophytes  (diameter) cm	0	66.7	233.33

Table 4. ORAC^FL values of Coleonema album and C. pulchellum expressed as Trolox equivalents.

Plant species	μmol Trolox Equivalents/g
Coleonema album	942.2 ± 34.9
Coleonema pulchellum	1126.7 ± 68.1