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Research Article

In vitro evaluation of Spirulina platensis extract incorporated skin cream with its wound healing and antioxidant activities

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Pages 1824-1832 | Received 29 Jan 2016, Accepted 12 May 2017, Published online: 29 May 2017

Figures & data

Table 1. Composition of modified Zarrouk medium.

Figure 1. Cell culture insert model.

Figure 1. Cell culture insert model.

Figure 2. Wound creating apparatus and making a scratch in 24-well plate.

Figure 2. Wound creating apparatus and making a scratch in 24-well plate.

Figure 3. In vitro cytotoxicity of S. platensis extracts on HS2 keratinocyte cell line.

Figure 3. In vitro cytotoxicity of S. platensis extracts on HS2 keratinocyte cell line.

Figure 4. Morphological observation of the wounded edge and centre of HS2 cell cultures. (a,b) Negative cell control (4×, 10×); (c,d) cream control (4×, 10×); (e,f) cream with 0.5% Spirulina platensis extract (4×, 10×); (g,h) cream with 1.125% S. platensis extract (4×, 10×) cell migration and wound healing for 5 d.

Figure 4. Morphological observation of the wounded edge and centre of HS2 cell cultures. (a,b) Negative cell control (4×, 10×); (c,d) cream control (4×, 10×); (e,f) cream with 0.5% Spirulina platensis extract (4×, 10×); (g,h) cream with 1.125% S. platensis extract (4×, 10×) cell migration and wound healing for 5 d.

Table 2 Wound closure effects of negative cell control, skin cream and crude extract incorporated skin cream.

Figure 5. Immunohistochemical staining results of HS2 cell cultures. (a,b) Negative cell control (5 d, 10 d); (c,d) cream with 0.5% Spirulina platensis extract (5 d, 10 d); (e,f) cream with 1.125% S. platensis extract (5 d, 10 d); (g,h) cream control (5 d, 10 d) and (i,j) IHC control staining (5 d, 10 d).

Figure 5. Immunohistochemical staining results of HS2 cell cultures. (a,b) Negative cell control (5 d, 10 d); (c,d) cream with 0.5% Spirulina platensis extract (5 d, 10 d); (e,f) cream with 1.125% S. platensis extract (5 d, 10 d); (g,h) cream control (5 d, 10 d) and (i,j) IHC control staining (5 d, 10 d).

Figure 6. Micronucleus formation during incubation with skin cream extracts.

Figure 6. Micronucleus formation during incubation with skin cream extracts.

Table 3. Distribution of micronuclei (MN) in the binucleated (BN) cells scored, total number of MN, mean ± SD.