Galangin, a dietary flavonoid, ameliorates hyperglycaemia and lipid abnormalities in rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia

Figures & data

Figure 1. Galangin structure.

Table 1. Effect of galangin on plasma glucose and insulin levels in rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia.

Groups	Glucose (mg/dL)	Insulin (μU/mL)
Healthy control	89.93 ± 4.74^a	15.62 ± 1.10^a
Healthy control + 16 mg galangin	85.11 ± 4.94^a	15.77 ± 0.91^a
Diabetic control	281.10 ± 9.57^b	6.01 ± 0.44^b
Diabetic + 4 mg galangin	179.86 ± 0.86^c	8.14 ± 0.79^c
Diabetic + 8 mg galangin	117.10 ± 11.32^d	12.08 ± 1.04^d
Diabetic + 16 mg galangin	140.53 ± 7.24^e	10.45 ± 1.72^e
Diabetic + 600 μg glibenclamide	99.49 ± 5.18^f	14.20 ± 1.55^f

Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± standard error. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4, 5, 6 and 7 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. c, d, e, f; p < 0.05).

Figure 2. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes in plasma TC and TG levels in rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± standard error (S.E.). Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. c, ad, cd, ad; p < 0.05). S.E.: standard error; STZ: streptozotocin. Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.

Figure 3. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes in plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in rats with STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± S.E. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. a; p < 0.05). Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.

Figure 4. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, free fatty acid and phospholipid levels in rats with STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± S.E. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significant different compared to Group 3 (b vs. c, d, ac, a; p < 0.05). Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.

Figure 5. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes in liver total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rats with STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± S.E. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. ac, a; p < 0.05). Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.

Figure 6. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes in liver free fatty acid and phospholipid levels in rats with STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± S.E. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. a, ac; p < 0.05). Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.

Figure 7. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes of heart total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rats with STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± S.E. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. ac, a, c; p < 0.05). Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.

Figure 8. Effect of galangin on abnormal changes in heart free fatty acid and phospholipid levels in rats with STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. Data are presented as mean of six rats per group ± S.E. Groups 1 and 2 are not significantly different from each other (a, a; p < 0.05). Groups 4 and 5 are significantly different from Group 3 (b vs. ac, a, c; p < 0.05). Group 1: healthy control rats; Group 2: healthy control +8 mg galangin; Group 3: diabetic control; Group 4: diabetic +8 mg galangin; Group 5: diabetic +600 µg glibenclamide.