Changes in chemical components and antitumor activity during the heating process of Fructus Arctii

Figures & data

Figure 1. Chemical structures of seven main active components of Fructus Arctii.

Table 1. Linearities, correlation coefficients, LODs, and LOQs for determined components.

Component	Regression equation	R^2	Linear range (µg/mL)	LOD (µg/mL)	LOQ (µg/mL)
3-CQA	y = 18302x – 29479	0.9995	3.14-200.80	0.025	0.080
4-CQA	y = 18102x – 15313	1.0000	1.64-174.72	0.028	0.085
3,4-diCQA	y = 20297x – 33648	0.9999	1.75-122.00	0.079	0.243
3,5-diCQA	y = 21804x –79452	1.0000	10.26-513.00	0.085	0.298
4,5-diCQA	y = 23005x – 63821	0.9999	5.48-274.00	0.103	0.310
ARC	y = 3709.9x + 17034	0.9992	44.62-1428.00	0.500	1.510
ARG	y = 6984.4x – 881.05	0.9994	6.41-205.20	0.350	1.100

y: Peak area; x: Concentration (µg/mL).

Table 2 Contents of seven components in Fructus Arctii during processing

	Content (mg/g)
	3-CQA	4-CQA	3,4-diCQA	3,5-diCQA	4,5-diCQA	ARC	ARG
0 min	7.016	0.125	0.255	6.766	1.040	71.816	2.125
3 min	6.576	0.810	1.136	2.782	4.534	75.780	2.152
5 min	5.894	0.794	1.144	2.535	4.220	67.553	2.073
10 min	5.351	0.961	1.261	2.199	3.853	67.411	2.253
15 min	4.894	0.995	1.224	1.976	3.492	65.077	2.670
20 min	4.519	1.041	1.226	1.817	3.149	64.821	3.517

Figure 2. The HPLC chromatograms of crude Fructus Arctii and the different processed samples.

Figure 3. Contents of seven components in Fructus Arctii during processing. (A) 3-CQA, 4-CQA, 3,4-diCQA, 3,5-diCQA, 4,5-diCQA, ARG; (B) ARC.

Figure 4. Effects of six compatibility component groups on proliferation of HL-60 cells after 72 h of treatment. Data are represented as means ± SD in three independent experiments. Significance: *p < 0.05 vs. compatibility component group at 0 min.