Children’s development of semantic verbal fluency during summer vacation versus during formal schooling

Figures & data

Table 1. Mean and SD of SVF total score for the participants at T1 (before summer vacation), T2 (after summer vacation), and T3 (end of fall semester).

	T1	T2	T3
Mean	20.21	18.66	21.16
SD	5.93	5.44	5.32

Table 2. Unstandardized beta (B), the standard error for the unstandardized beta (SE B), the standardized beta (β), the t test statistic (t), and the probability value (p) from the multiple linear regressions for the influence of the background factors: level of parental education, bilingualism, CELF-4 Language Core score, and standard score on Ravens CPM on the participants’ development of SVF total score during summer vacation and formal schooling, respectively.

	n	B	SE B	β	t	p
Summer vacation
Level of parental  education (LPE)	52	0.022	0.057	0.058	0.378	.707
Bilingualism (BL)	68	0.021	0.102	0.039	0.204	.839
CELF-4 Language Core  score (CELF-4)	67	−0.001	0.003	−0.119	−0.521	.605
Standard score on Raven’s  CPM (RCPM)	68	−0.001	0.002	−0.106	−0.559	.579
Fall semester
Level of parental  education (LPE)	52	0.016	0.068	0.036	0.239	.812
Bilingualism (BL)	68	−0.156	0.120	−0.243	−1.297	.201
CELF-4 Language Core  score (CELF-4)	67	−0.003	0.003	−0.243	−1.035	.306
Standard score on Raven’s  CPM (RCPM)	68	0.004	0.003	0.256	1.366	.179