Early and late outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery in diabetic patients

Figures & data

Table I.  Preoperative patient characteristics and operative data.

	Diabetics N=866	Non-diabetics N=866	p-Value
* Age (years)	63.2±7.8	63.2 ± 7.8	NS
* Male, n (%)	647 (74.7)	647 (74.7)	NS
* Body mass index (kg/m^2)	28.5±3.5	28.4±3.4	NS
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	62.2±14.4	62.5±13.7	NS
* Unstable angina pectoris, n (%)	181 (20.9)	181 (20.9)	NS
* History of myocardial infarction, n (%)	501 (57.9)	501 (57.9)	NS
Current or ex-smoker, n (%)	414 (47.8)	474 (54.7)	0.002
History of claudication, n (%)	97 (12.2)	80 (10.4)	0.41
History of stroke or TIA, n (%)	105 (12.1)	84 (9.7)	0.12
History of chronic pulmonary disease, n (%)	75 (8.7)	99 (11.4)	0.07
CCS class			0.56
2	138 (16.0%)	137 (15.8%)
3	435 (50.3%)	439 (50.8%)
4	286 (33.1%)	280 (32.4)
Three-vessel disease, n (%)	796 (92.0)	730 (84.5)	<0.001
Preoperative serum creatinine level, µmol/l	97±29	96±35	0.64
Perfusion time, min	107±36	104±39	0.07
Cross-clamp time, min	93±30	88±29	0.002
Use of ITA graft, n (%)	848 (97.9)	848 (97.9)	1.00
Number of distal anastomoses	4.42±1.12	4.25±1.17	0.001

Data are mean±standard deviation or number of patients, with percentages in parentheses. ITA = internal thoracic artery; CCS class = Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class; TIA = transient ischemic attack; * = matching characteristic; NS = not significant.

Table II.  Mortality and postoperative data.

	Diabetics N=866	Non-diabetics N=866	p-Value
30-d mortality	17 (2.0)	9 (1.0)	0.15
Need for inotropic medication or IABP during first postoperative 24 h	105 (12.1)	103 (11.9)	0.94
Perioperative myocardial infarction	29 (3.3)	38 (4.4)	0.31
Return to theatre due to bleeding	32 (3.7)	44 (5.1)	0.20
Atrial fibrillation	307 (35.5)	313 (36.3)	0.80
New ECG conduction disturbances	71 (8.2)	69 (8.0)	0.93
Readmission to ICU	27 (3.1)	22 (2.5)	0.57
Postoperative stroke	19 (2.2)	17 (2.0)	0.86
Deep sternal wound infection	6 (0.7)	2 (0.2)	0.29
Gastrointestinal complication	15 (1.7)	27 (3.1)	0.09
Postoperative new dialysis	7 (0.8)	6 (0.7)	1.00
Multiple organ failure
Length of stay in ICU (d)	1.5±2.5	1.5±2.4	0.65
Length of hospital stay (d)	6.6±4.4	6.4±4.6	0.47

Data are mean±standard deviation or number of patients, with percentages in parentheses. IABP = intra-aortic balloon pump; ICU = intensive care unit.

Figure 1. Cumulative survival (Kaplan–Meier) of patients with diabetes (solid line) and without diabetes (dotted line).

Figure 2. Cumulative freedom (Kaplan–Meier) from cardiac death in patients with diabetes (solid line) and without diabetes (dotted line).