New onset postoperative atrial fibrillation and early anticoagulation after cardiac surgery

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics.

	non-POAF n= 342	POAF n = 177	p
Age, years (±SD)	62.8 (9.4)	67.1 (8.5)	<.001
Men	264	135	.813
Current smokers	80	27	.036
Diabetes	75	46	.349
Hypertension	197	115	.099
Peripheral arterial disease	15	8	.961
Prior stroke	22	12	.804
Prior AMI	105	65	.191
Cardiac function			.024
– EF < 40	14	10
– EF 40–50	60	48
– EF > 50	268	119
COPD	6	6	.247
Type of operation			.175
– CABG	300	146
– Isolated AVR	26	16
– CABG + AVR	16	15
Postoperative complications	45	23	.977
Warfarin at discharge	82	144	<.001
Charlson comorbidity index*	69%	58%	<.001

AMI: acute myocardial infarction; AVR: aortic valve replacement; CABG: coronary artery by-pass grafting; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, EF: ejection fraction; Postoperative complication: bleeding, reoperation, infection, new revascularization, low output, stroke, respiratory dysfunction, renal failure.

* reference [18].

Table 2. Patient outcome.

		Non-POAF N = 342	POAF N = 177	p-value
Mortality		25 (7%)	23 (13%)	.034
MACE		44 (13%)	57 (32%)	<.001
4 adverse events	CV mortality + MI + Stroke + Late AF	0	2
3 adverse events	CV mortality + MI + Late AF	1	2
	MI + Stroke + Late AF	0	1
2 adverse events	CV mortality + MI	5	4
	CV mortality + Stroke	0	0
	CV mortality + Late AF	0	2
	MI + Stroke	1	0
	MI + Late AF	1	0
	Stroke + Late AF	3	4
1 adverse event	CV mortality	4	5
	MI	4	4
	Stroke	8	5
	Late AF	17	28

MACE: Major Adverse Clinical Events (cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke and/or late atrial fibrillation); CV: cardiovascular; MI: myocardial infarction; AF: atrial fibrillation. Data are presented as N.

Table 3. Univariate and multivariate predictors of all-cause mortality and combined endpoint of major adverse clinical events (MACE) including cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke and late atrial fibrillation.

	All-cause mortality			MACE
	OR	95% CI	p-value	OR	95% CI	p-value
Univariate analysis	1.89	1.04–3.44	.036	3.22	2.06–5.03	.001
Multivariate analysis	1.41	0.71–2.80	.323	2.73	1.69–4.45	.0001

Multivariate analyses were adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, acute myocardial infarction before surgery, left ventricle ejection fraction, stroke before surgery, peripheral arterial disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

MACE: combined major adverse clinical events (combination of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke and/or late atrial fibrillation); OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, et al. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40:373–383.

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