Clinical value of BRE-AS1 in myocardial infarction and its role in myocardial infarction-induced cardiac muscle cell apoptosis

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of baseline data between control and experimental group.

Indicators	Controls (n = 70)	AMI patients (n = 75)	p
Gender (male/female)	34/36	40/35	.63
Age (years)	58.3 ± 7.7	59.1 ± 7.8	.77
BMI (kg/m^2)	23.3 ± 1.9	23.9 ± 2.2	.09
Smoking (n, %)	30 (43%)	32 (43%)	.66
Drinking (n, %)	41 (59%)	45 (60%)	.46
SBP (mmHg)	123 ± 15	132 ± 17	<.001
DBP (mmHg)	85 ± 5	85 ± 6	.63
TC (mmol/L)	5.0 ± 1.3	5.3 ± 1.1	.18
TG (mmol/L)	1.9 ± 0.4	2.0 ± 0.4	.07
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.5 ± 0.5	2.3 ± 0.6	.56
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.4 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.3	<.001
FBG (mmol/L)	5.8 ± 1.4	5.8 ± 1.4	.10

AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: fasting blood glucose.

Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or n (%).

Figure 1. The expression and clinical diagnostic value of BRE-AS1 in AMI. (A) The serum expression level of BRE-AS1 in patients with AMI (data are presented as mean and standard deviation, independent samples t-test was used). (B) ROC curve analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC curve is 0.868, the sensitivity is 82.70% and the specificity is 81.40%. ***p < .001 vs. control group. BRE-AS1: brain and reproductive organ-expressed protein (BRE) antisense RNA 1; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; ROC: receiver operator characteristic; AUC: area under the curve.

Table 2. Association of different variables with the occurrence of AMI.

Variables	OR	95%CI	p Value
Gender (male/female)	1.23	0.62–2.47	.56
Age (years)	1.66	0.82–3.33	.16
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.83	0.41–1.67	.60
SBP (mmHg)	1.19	0.59–2.40	.64
DBP (mmHg)	0.61	0.30–1.23	.17
TC (mmol/L)	1.38	0.68–2.77	.37
TG (mmol/L)	1.41	0.69–2.85	.35
LDL-C (mmol/L)	1.03	0.51–2.08	.94
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.12	0.55–2.27	.75
FBG (mmol/L)	0.79	0.39–1.60	.52
BRE-AS1	2.60	1.27–5.32	<.01

AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: fasting blood glucose; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.

Figure 2. Kaplan–Meier’s curves of survival probability of patients with AMI stratified by the serum BRE-AS1 expression levels. BRE-AS1: brain and reproductive organ-expressed protein (BRE) antisense RNA 1; AMI: acute myocardial infarction.

Table 3. Comparison of baseline data between low BRE-AS1 expression group and high BRE-AS1 expression group.

Indicators	Low BRE-AS1 expression group (n = 35)	High BRE-AS1 expression group (n = 40)	p
Gender (male/female)	17/18	23/17	.49
Age (years)	58.9 ± 7.0	60.5 ± 6.8	.34
BMI (kg/m^2)	23.9 ± 2.2	24.2 ± 2.0	.50
Smoking (n, %)	14 (40%)	18 (45%)	.82
Drinking (n, %)	20 (57%)	25 (63%)	.65
SBP (mmHg)	127 ± 21	136 ± 14	.03
DBP (mmHg)	84 ± 6	88 ± 5	<.01
TC (mmol/L)	5.3 ± 0.9	5.5 ± 1.1	.69
TG (mmol/L)	2.0 ± 0.4	2.2 ± 0.4	.01
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.2 ± 0.6	2.4 ± 0.6	.23
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.1 ± 0.4	1.3 ± 0.3	.11
FBG (mmol/L)	6.2 ± 1.3	6.0 ± 1.5	.48

AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: fasting blood glucose.

Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) or n (%).

Table 4. Multivariate Cox regression analysis for the overall survival of AMI patients.

Characteristics	HR	95%CI	p Value
Gender (male/female)	0.60	0.22–1.66	.33
Age (years)	2.45	0.75–7.97	.14
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.81	0.29–2.23	.68
Smoking (n, %)	0.68	0.33–1.40	.30
Drinking (n, %)	0.75	0.33–1.72	.50
SBP (mmHg)	0.61	0.23–1.61	.32
DBP (mmHg)	1.34	0.50–3.57	.56
TC (mmol/L)	1.47	0.55–3.88	.44
TG (mmol/L)	1.26	0.44–3.57	.67
LDL-C (mmol/L)	0.69	0.24–2.00	.49
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.12	0.40–3.16	.83
FBG (mmol/L)	0.61	0.27–1.60	.31
BRE-AS1	4.00	1.14–13.97	.03

AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: fasting blood glucose; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.

p < .05.

Figure 3. The effect of BRE-AS1 on inflammatory response in I/R injury cell model. (A) Effect of transfection of si-BRE-AS1 on intracellular BRE-AS1 expression after I/R treatment. Effect of inhibition of BRE-AS1 on the production of (B) TNF-α, (C) IL-1β and (D) IL-6 in I/R cell models. ***p < .001 vs. control group, ^###p < .001 vs. I/R + si-NC group. The values shown are mean and standard deviation, one-way ANOVA was used. BRE-AS1: brain and reproductive organ-expressed protein (BRE) antisense RNA 1; I/R: ischemia/reperfusion; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β: interleukin-1β.

Figure 4. The effect of BRE-AS1 on oxidative stress reaction in I/R cell model. The levels of (A) LDH and (B) MDA in I/R cell model was significantly down-regulated by silencing BRE-AS1 expression. The downregulation of BRE-AS1 increased the concentrations of (C) SOD and (D) GSH-Px in H9c2 cells treated with I/R. ***p < .001 vs. control group, ^###p < .001 vs. I/R + si-NC group. The values shown are mean and standard deviation, one-way ANOVA was used. BRE-AS1: brain and reproductive organ-expressed protein (BRE) antisense RNA 1; I/R: ischemia/reperfusion; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; MDA: malondialdehyde; SOD: superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px: glutathione peroxidase.

Figure 5. Effect of BRE-AS1 on (A) cell viability and (B) apoptosis in I/R cell model. ***p < .001 vs. control group, ^##p < .01, ^###p < .001 vs. I/R + si-NC group. The values shown are mean and standard deviation, one-way ANOVA was used. BRE-AS1: brain and reproductive organ-expressed protein (BRE) antisense RNA 1; I/R: ischemia/reperfusion.