Figures & data
Figure 1 The pathogenic role of IL-6 in RA synovitis. There are the two main cellular components in the synovium. Type A synoviocytes are bone marrow derived macrophage-like cells. Type B synoviocytes are residential fibroblast like cells also known as FLS. In the rheumatoid synovium, FLS mainly contributes to arthritis by producing IL-6, RANKL, MMP3, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and VEGF. TNF and IL-6 stimulate FLS autocrinally and induce tumor-like proliferation of FLS. Local arthritic symptoms are generated by the collaboration of IL-6 with TNF- and FLS-derived cytokines. Systemic symptoms are caused by IL-6. IL-6 also contributes to immune activation and leads to synovitis, resulting in a vicious circle.
![Figure 1 The pathogenic role of IL-6 in RA synovitis. There are the two main cellular components in the synovium. Type A synoviocytes are bone marrow derived macrophage-like cells. Type B synoviocytes are residential fibroblast like cells also known as FLS. In the rheumatoid synovium, FLS mainly contributes to arthritis by producing IL-6, RANKL, MMP3, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and VEGF. TNF and IL-6 stimulate FLS autocrinally and induce tumor-like proliferation of FLS. Local arthritic symptoms are generated by the collaboration of IL-6 with TNF- and FLS-derived cytokines. Systemic symptoms are caused by IL-6. IL-6 also contributes to immune activation and leads to synovitis, resulting in a vicious circle.](/cms/asset/93e929f3-93d1-4947-a96e-fa2271d861cd/imor_a_1546357_f0001_c.jpg)
Table 1. The efficacy of TCZ in clinical study.
Table 2. AEs of TCZ.
Figure 2 Differential inhibitory function of IL-6 signaling pathways by IL-6 and IL-6R antibody; a possible mechanism of action. Complexes of IL-6/IL-6R, IL-30/IL-6R, and IL-6/EBI3 can activate gp130, a cell surface signal transduction molecule. IL-6R antibody inhibit IL-6/IL-6R and IL-30/IL-6R but not IL-6/EBI3 dependent signal, whereas IL-6 antibody inhibits IL-6/IL-6R and IL-6/EBI3 but not IL-30/IL-6R dependent signal. IL-6: Interlukin-6; IL-6R: interleukin-6 receptor; IL-30: Interleukin-30; EBI3: Epstein-Barr virus-induced 3; WSX-1: interleukin-27 receptor α.
![Figure 2 Differential inhibitory function of IL-6 signaling pathways by IL-6 and IL-6R antibody; a possible mechanism of action. Complexes of IL-6/IL-6R, IL-30/IL-6R, and IL-6/EBI3 can activate gp130, a cell surface signal transduction molecule. IL-6R antibody inhibit IL-6/IL-6R and IL-30/IL-6R but not IL-6/EBI3 dependent signal, whereas IL-6 antibody inhibits IL-6/IL-6R and IL-6/EBI3 but not IL-30/IL-6R dependent signal. IL-6: Interlukin-6; IL-6R: interleukin-6 receptor; IL-30: Interleukin-30; EBI3: Epstein-Barr virus-induced 3; WSX-1: interleukin-27 receptor α.](/cms/asset/45667340-1c6a-4126-8282-f607c8e641e8/imor_a_1546357_f0002_c.jpg)