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Feature Articles

Is the premise ‘occupation promotes health’ logical? A syllogistic analysis

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Pages 408-416 | Published online: 16 Jul 2018
 

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on whether the premise “occupation promotes health” is logical. The objective is to use this premise as the basis of a logical puzzle to demonstrate potential contributions of logic to occupational science and to emphasize the complementary roles of rational logic and empirical observation. The paper employs syllogisms, a rationalist method, to test the logic of this premise with different lexicographic and professional understandings of the terms occupation and health, and with empirical findings of the relationship between occupation and health. The syllogistic analysis reveals this premise is illogical, and how empirical findings alone are incapable of improving the validity of a postulation. In the process, it also uncovers potential reasons why laypersons find this premise difficult to understand, and why occupation and health are still contested terms. This paper discusses the implications of this analysis for occupational science and argues that empiricism and rationalism should play complementary roles in the epistemic development of occupational science.

本文着重论述“活动促进健康”的前提是否合乎逻辑。其目的是利用这个前提作为逻辑谜题的基础,以展示逻辑对人类活动科学的潜在意义,并强调理性逻辑和实际观察的互补作用。本文采用三段论,一种理性主义的方法,用对活动和健康这两个词的不同的词典上的和学术上的理解,以及活动与健康之间关系的实证研究来检验这一前提的逻辑性。三段论分析揭示了这个前提是不合逻辑的,单凭实证研究结果是无法提高假设的有效性的。在这个过程中,它还揭示了为什么外行人发现这个前提难以理解的潜在原因,以及为什么活动和健康仍然是有争议的学术用语。本文讨论了这种分析对人类活动科学的影响,并认为经验主义和理性主义应该在人类活动科学的认识发展中起辅助作用。

El presente artículo pretende determinar si el enunciado “la ocupación promueve la salud” es lógico como premisa. El objetivo consiste en usar esta premisa como base de un acertijo lógico, con el fin de exponer las contribuciones que la lógica puede aportar potencialmente a la ciencia ocupacional y destacar los roles complementarios desempeñados por la lógica racional y la observación empírica. En este sentido, el artículo utiliza silogismos y el método racionalista con la finalidad de someter a examen la lógica de dicha premisa, partiendo de distintas comprensiones lexicográficas y profesionales de los términos ocupación y salud, así como de los resultados empíricos observados en la relación entre ocupación y salud. El análisis silogístico revela que esta premisa es ilógica, constatándose que los resultados empíricos por sí mismos no son capaces de mejorar la validez de un postulado. Durante este proceso, el análisis también muestra las posibles razones por las cuales los profanos en la materia tienen dificultades para comprender esta premisa y por qué los términos ocupación y salud siguen teniendo acepciones impugnadas. Asimismo, el artículo revisa las implicaciones que conlleva este análisis para la ciencia ocupacional, sosteniendo que el empirismo y el racionalismo deben jugar roles complementarios en el desarrollo epistémico de la ciencia ocupacional.

Acknowledgements

I would like to express my special thanks to Jennifer Creek who gave of her precious time to review a previous version of this article and offer helpful guidance to improve my writing.

Declaration

This work is not affiliated with any funding agency or grant.

Notes

1. Lexicographic. The meaning of this word is “relating to lexicography (the writing of a dictionary.” (Wiktionary)

2. Epistemic. The meaning of this word is “of or relating to knowledge or the conditions for acquiring it.” (Dictionary.com)

3. In the sentence, “Tom stole my bike last week,” “Tom” is the subject, and “stole my bike last week” is the predicate.

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