Creating high-tech ‘agropreneurs’ through education and skills development

Figures & data

Figure 1. Emerging demand- and supply-side challenges in agriculture.

Figure 2. Role of information technology in knowledge-intensive agriculture.

Table 1. Share of agriculture in employment and gross domestic product, selected Asian countries, 1970 (nearest year) to 2017 (%).

	Share in Employment			Share in Gross Domestic Product
	1970^a	2000^b	2017^b	1970^a	2000^b	2017^b
East Asia
China, People’s Republic of	80.8	50.0	27.7 (2016)	34.8	14.9	8.2
Japan	17.4	5.1	3.4	5.1	1.5	1.1
Korea, Republic of	50.5	10.7	4.8	27.5	4.4	2.2
South Asia
Bangladesh	58.8	50.8	40.6	54.6	25.5	14.2
India	n.a.	59.9	n.a.	42.0	23.0	17.1
Pakistan	57.3	48.4	42.3 (2015)	36.8	27.4	24.4
Sri Lanka	n.a.	36.0	26.1	n.a.	17.6	8.5
Southeast Asia
Indonesia	61.5	45.3	29.7	23.3	15.6	13.7
Philippines	50.4	37.1	25.4	29.5	14.0	9.7
Thailand	76.7	44.2	31.5	25.9	8.5	8.7
Viet Nam	n.a.	65.1	40.2*	n.a.	24.5	17.0

*= preliminary; n.a. = not available.

^a1970 figures are from World Bank (n.d.), World Development Indicators; and FAO (2019).

^b2000 and 2017 figures are from ADB (2018c).

Table 2. Government expenditure on education as proportion of gross domestic product, selected Asian countries, 2000–2017^a.

	2000	2010	2017
East Asia
China, People’s Republic of	3.3 (2002)	3.0	3.7
Japan	3.7	2.9	2.7 (2016)
Korea, Republic of	3.1	3.0	3.3 (2016)
South Asia
Bangladesh	2.0	2.0	2.5
India^b	3.2	1.9	4.6 (2016)
Nepal^c	2.4	3.9	4.2
Sri Lanka	2.4	1.6	1.9
Southeast Asia
Cambodia	1.3	1.6	2.3
Malaysia	5.6	6.1	4.5
Philippines	3.3	2.5	4.4
Thailand	3.8	3.0	3.0 (2016)

^aData refer to expenditure of the central government, except for Bangladesh, where data refer to the consolidated expenditure of central and local governments.

^bData are based on fiscal year beginning 1 April.

^cData are based on fiscal year ending 15 July.

World Bank. (n.d.). World development indicators database. Retrieved from http://datatopics.worldbank.org/world-development-indicators/

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FAO. (2019). FAOStat annual population: The food and agriculture organization of the united nations. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/OA

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ADB. (2018c). Key indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2018. Manila: Asian Development Bank.

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