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Articles

A Cereal Problem? What the Current Chronology of Early Cereal Domesticates Might Tell Us About Changes in Late Fifth and Early Fourth Millennium cal BC Ireland and Britain

Pages 73-79 | Received 15 May 2018, Accepted 18 Sep 2018, Published online: 07 Oct 2018

Figures & data

Figure 1. Century time slices of sites in Britain and Ireland with direct radiocarbon measurements on domesticated plant macrofossils. The size of the markers represents the probability that a posterior density estimate for the presence of cereal macrofossils occurred at the date shown above each map.

Figure 1. Century time slices of sites in Britain and Ireland with direct radiocarbon measurements on domesticated plant macrofossils. The size of the markers represents the probability that a posterior density estimate for the presence of cereal macrofossils occurred at the date shown above each map.

Figure 2. Model output from modelling only radiocarbon results produced directly on domesticated plant remains.

Figure 2. Model output from modelling only radiocarbon results produced directly on domesticated plant remains.

Figure 3. Comparison of the output from the cereal model (shown as the lowest distribution in each set of regional results) and other relevant estimates for Neolithic activity. For the regional estimates for the start of Neolithic activity posterior density estimates are reproduced exactly from Whittle, Healy, and Bayliss (Citation2011) and Griffiths (Citation2011), readers are directed to these sources for the additional modelling to calculate these distributions. In many regions, early Neolithic activity pre-dates direct measurements on domesticated plant macrofossils from a region. Most direct radiocarbon measurements on domesticated plant remains do not pre-date the thirty-eighth century cal BC.

Figure 3. Comparison of the output from the cereal model (shown as the lowest distribution in each set of regional results) and other relevant estimates for Neolithic activity. For the regional estimates for the start of Neolithic activity posterior density estimates are reproduced exactly from Whittle, Healy, and Bayliss (Citation2011) and Griffiths (Citation2011), readers are directed to these sources for the additional modelling to calculate these distributions. In many regions, early Neolithic activity pre-dates direct measurements on domesticated plant macrofossils from a region. Most direct radiocarbon measurements on domesticated plant remains do not pre-date the thirty-eighth century cal BC.

Figure 4. The shape of the calibration curve in the earlier fourth millennium cal BC could be contributing to apparent patterns in the data (adapted from Griffiths Citation2011).

Figure 4. The shape of the calibration curve in the earlier fourth millennium cal BC could be contributing to apparent patterns in the data (adapted from Griffiths Citation2011).
Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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