Young People and News: A Systematic Literature Review

Figures & data

Table 1. Exclusion criteria.

Question component	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Age	Studies including teenagers and young adults aged 13–23 years old	Studies only focusing on children (below age 13) or only adults above 23 years of age, with no mention of young people between 13–23 years old.
Youth focus	Studies related to news and youth. News use, effect of news related to youth, news production related to youth or news content analysed must play a significant role in the paper.	Studies about the general population, with youth not being mentioned as an important point in the study. Studies about journalism students and how they learn journalism or work in newsrooms. Studies focusing on journalists in general, with no mention of how they work to reach youth with news.
Theme/background	Study belonging to the fields of communication/journalism/media.	Studies focusing solely on other fields such as medicine, psychology, education, or business but with no clear mention of the fields of communication / journalism/media/news. Example: Watching television news and crashing a car afterwards.
Keywords/abstract	Relevant studies involving synonyms for teen/adolescent/youth/young adults.	Studies that were automatically included in the search because of irrelevant word combinations. Examples: “Young democracy” or “minor problem”, “minor felony”—in title, abstract or keywords—but with no relevance to youth and news.

Table 2. Articles about youth and news, per journal (N = 232).

Table 3. Variables.

VARIABLE	VALUE
Age	All ages from 13 to 23
Education level (if applicable)	High school or lower, University/college, All population, NA (Not applicable)
Countries	All countries in the world—unique number
Method	Single or mixed
Methods used	Interview Survey Content analysis User data Ethnography/observation Focus group Experimental Other (all studies not fitting into the above variables)

Table 4. Inter coder reliability.

	Cohens Kappa
Country of origin	1
Interview	0,8636
Media diaries	1
User data	1
Content analysis	1
Ethnography	1
Survey	0,9125
Focus group	0,8636
Age	1

Table 5. Countries studies originated in represented in 232 articles. (Table showing countries represented in four articles or more.)

Table 6. Methods used. N = 270 (total number of methods used in 232 articles)

Table 7. Ages represented in articles with an identifiable age n = 191 studies.