Kazakhstan’s climate change policy: reflecting national strength, green economy aspirations and international agenda

Figures & data

Table 1. Analysed documents.

Document	Released date	Description	Relation to climate change
Strategy Kazakhstan 2050: A New Political Course of the Established State	14 December 2012	Provides a long-term vision for strategic development of the state	Transition to a low carbon economy; Natural resource management
Concept for Transition of the RK to a Green Economy	30 May 2013	Sets the ground for systemic transformations to a green economy	Transition to a low carbon economy;
Strategic Plan for Development of the RK until 2020	1 February 2010	Sets a strategic plan fornational development for a 10-year period	Transition to a low carbon economy;
Concept of Innovative Development of the RK until 2020	4 June 2013	Sets a strategic plan for transition to innovative economy	Developing RES and energy-saving technologies
Plan of the Nation – 100 Concrete Steps	6 May 2015	Sets a response to global socio-economic challenges and a strategy for economic growth	Developing energy-saving technologies and attracting foreign investors

Table 2. Discursive categories with examples.

	Identity	Activity	Aims	Norms	Relationship	Resources
National strength	Strong state	Progress made after the end of the Soviet era	TOP-30 global economy, national security	Strong and stable economy, social welfare	Emphasis on national unity	Natural resources
Green Economy	Sustainable economy	Developing RES and energy- saving technologies	Continuing economic growth & looking after the environment	Green economy, a ‘win-win’ approach	Regional leader & reliable international partner	Energy efficiency potential
International cooperation	Key global player	International cooperation	Foreign investments, global & regional recognition	Global standards, international cooperation, global influence	Multi-vector policy	Geolocation; natural resources

Figure 1. RES sector in Kazakhstan, 2010–2019.

Source: Authors’ own elaboration based on data from KazStat (2021).

Figure 2. GHG emissions in Kazakhstan, 1990–2018.

*GHG emissions, thousands of tons of CO2 equivalent.

Source: Authors’ own elaboration based on data from the Ministry of Ecology, Geology and Natural Resources of the RK (2020, pp. 37–38).

Figure 3. Economic Growth in Kazakhstan, %GDP, 1991–2019.

Source: Authors’ own elaboration based on data from the World Bank group (n.d.).

KazStat. (2021) . Renewable Energy Supply. Agency for Strategic planning and reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan Bureau of National statistics.

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IEA. (2020). Kazakhstan energy profile. IEA, Paris. Retrieved April, 24, 2021, from https://www.iea.org/reports/kazakhstan-energy-profile

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