Characterising umbilical abdominal wall endometriosis as a distinct subgroup of abdominal wall endometriosis – retrospective cohort study

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of patients treated for abdominal wall endometriosis and comparison between umbilical AWE and non-umbilical AWE patients.

Feature		Measure/category	All patients N = 59	Non-umbilical AWE patients N = 45	Umbilical AWE patients N = 14	non-U-AWE vs. U-AWE^b
Age		Years – median (min-max)	35 (22–49)	35 (22–49)	32 (27–41)	0.225^c
		Years – mean	34.7	35.2	33.3	0.218^c
Reproductive history
Deliveries	All patients	N-median (min-max)	1 (0–4)	1 (0–4)	0 (0–2)	<0.001^c
	0	N (%)	12 (20.3)
	1	N (%)	28 (47.5)
	> =2	N (%)	19 (32.2)
TOPs/miscarriages	All patients	N-median (min-max)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–2)	0.508^c
	0	N (%)	42 (71.2)
	1	N (%)	12 (20.3)
	2	N (%)	5 (8.5)
Clinical presentation
Continuous pain		N (%)	20 (33.9)	20 (44.4)	0 (0.0)	0.001^d
Cyclic pain		N (%)	30 (50.8)	27 (60.0)	3 (21.4)	0.015^d
Cyclic lesion swelling		N (%)	7 (11.9)	6 (13.3)	1 (7.1)	1.000^d
Bleeding from abdominal wall		N (%)	10 (16.9)	1 (2.2)	9 (64.3)	<0.001^d
Other endometriosis related symptoms		N (%)	25 (42.4)	20 (44.4)	5 (35.7)	0.758^d
Infertility		N (%)	16 (27.1)	8 (17.8)	8 (57.1)	0.013^d
History of previous abdominal surgical procedures
C.s.	All patients	N-median (min-max)	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	0 (0–1)	<0.001^c
	0	N (%)	16 (27.1)	3 (6.7)	13 (92.9)
	1	N (%)	32 (54.2)	31 (68.9)	1 (7.1)
	2	N (%)	11 (18.6)	11 (24.4)	0 (0.0)
Other laparatomies		N (%)	2 (3.4)	1 (2.2)	1 (7.1)	0.421^d
Horizontal laparatomy		N (%)	3 (5.1)	1 (2.2)	2 (14.3)	0.137^d
Midline laparatomy		N (%)	3 (5.1)	2 (4.4)	1 (7.1)	0.564^d
Laparascopy	All patients	N-median (min-max)	0 (0–5)	0 (0–5)	0 (0–2)	0.201^c
	0	N (%)	42 (71.2)	34 (75.6)	8 (57.1)
	1	N (%)	12 (20.3)	8 (17.8)	4 (28.6)
	> =2	N (%)	5 (8.5)	3 (6.7)	2 (14.3)
AWE treatment specifics
AWE treatments	All patients	N-median (min-max)	1 (1–3)	1 (1–3)	1 (1–3)	0.034^c
	1	N (%)	49 (83.1)	40 (88.9)	9 (64.3)
	2	N (%)	8 (13.6)	5 (11.1)	5 (35.7)
	> =3	N (%)	2 (3.4)	2 (4.4)	0 (0)
AWE lesions excised	All patients	N-median (min-max)	1 (1–4)	1 (1–4)	1 (1–3)	0.175^c
	1	N (%)	46 (78.0)	37 (82.2)	9 (64.3)
	2	N (%)	10 (16.9)	6 (13.3)	4 (28.6)
	> =3	N (%)	3 (5.1)	2 (4.4)	1 (7.1)
Biggest lesion size^a		Centimeters – median (min-max)	2 (0.5–5.5)	2.5 (0.5–5.5)	1.0 (0.7–3.0)	0.001^c
Lesion location	C.s. scar	N (%)	38 (64.5)	38 (84.4)	0
	Umbilicus	N (%)	14 (23.7)	0 (0)	14
	Midline laparatomy	N (%)	1 (1.6)	1 (2.2)	0 (0)
	Other	N (%)	6 (10.2)	6 (13.3)	0 (0)
Concurrent or previous pelvic endometriosis treatment
Ovarian endometrioma treatment		N (%)	11 (18.6)	6 (13.3)	5 (35.7)	0.110^d
Peritoneal endometriosis treatment		N (%)	23 (39.0)	11 (24.4)	12 (85.7)	<0.001^d
DIE treatment		N (%)	6 (10.2)	1 (2.2)	5 (35.7)	0.002^d
Hysterectomy		N (%)	2 (3.4)	2 (4.4)	0 (0.0)	1.000^d

TOPs – terminations of pregnancy, C.s. – cesarean section, N.o. – number, DIE – deep infiltrating endometriosis, ^a – Missing data for 4 patients in U-AWE group (28.6%) and 8 in non-U-AWE group (17.7%), ^b – p-values of comparisons between non-U-AWE and U-AWE patients, significant values are in bold, ^c – Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables, ^d – non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables.

Data availability statement

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.