Between metis and techne: politics, possibilities and limits of improvisation

Figures & data

Table 1. Social makeup and energy sources in research villages (based on fieldwork data)

Village	Social makeup	Energy sources
Rangpur	Hindus; equal proportion of higher and lower castes	Central grid, kerosene
Berangpur	Predominantly lower castes Hindus and Muslims	Kerosene, diesel generator micro-grid
Bijuriya	Hindus; larger population of lower castes and smaller of higher castes	Central grid, kerosene, LaBL, HPS (HPS shut down)
Sahariya	Hindus; predominantly higher castes	Central grid, kerosene, LaBL
Hardiya	Hindus; predominantly lower castes	Central grid, kerosene, HPS

Figure 1. LaBL solar lanterns (left). Kerosene lanterns (right)

(Source: Author)

Figure 2. Various improvisations of and around kerosene lanterns (right). Various ways of using LaBL solar lanterns by improvising the space around them (left)

(Source: Author)

Figure 3. A lightbulb installed on the window to light multiple spaces (top). A bulb with plugs for charging mobile phones and spaces created for them (bottom)

(Source: Author)