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Section 1: Archaeology, interpretative narratives and the State

Flipping the Script on Colonial Narratives: Replicating Roman Reliefs from the Antonine Wall

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Figures & data

Figure 1 Plaster casts of the Hutcheson Hill Distance Sculpture (RIB 2198): a) Hunterian Museum, Museum no. GLAHM.F.8; b) and c) Chesters Roman Fort, Museum no. CH201.

a: © Hunterian Museum; b and c: © English Heritage Trust/Trustees of the Clayton Collection

Figure 1 Plaster casts of the Hutcheson Hill Distance Sculpture (RIB 2198): a) Hunterian Museum, Museum no. GLAHM.F.8; b) and c) Chesters Roman Fort, Museum no. CH201.a: © Hunterian Museum; b and c: © English Heritage Trust/Trustees of the Clayton Collection

Figure 2 Wooden replicas of Distance Sculptures in the collections of Glasgow Museums (originals held by the Hunterian Museum): a) RIB 2184 from Eastermains; b) RIB 2199 from Cochno Estate; c) RIB 2204 from Carleith, Duntocher; d) RIB 2196 from Castlehill.

Figure 2 Wooden replicas of Distance Sculptures in the collections of Glasgow Museums (originals held by the Hunterian Museum): a) RIB 2184 from Eastermains; b) RIB 2199 from Cochno Estate; c) RIB 2204 from Carleith, Duntocher; d) RIB 2196 from Castlehill.

Figure 3 Bridgeness Distance Sculpture: a) original; b) plaster cast in the Hunterian Museum; c) plaster cast in Tullie House Museum and Art Gallery; d) sandstone replica installed at Harbour Road, Bo’ness.

a: © National Museums Scotland; b: © Mike Bishop; c: © Tyne and Wear Museums; d: © Crown Copyright: Historic Environment Scotland

Figure 3 Bridgeness Distance Sculpture: a) original; b) plaster cast in the Hunterian Museum; c) plaster cast in Tullie House Museum and Art Gallery; d) sandstone replica installed at Harbour Road, Bo’ness.a: © National Museums Scotland; b: © Mike Bishop; c: © Tyne and Wear Museums; d: © Crown Copyright: Historic Environment Scotland

Figure 4 3D laser scan of the Bridgeness Distance Sculpture.

© Falkirk Council

Figure 4 3D laser scan of the Bridgeness Distance Sculpture.© Falkirk Council

Figure 5 Tombstone of Flavinus from Corbridge: a) unpainted plaster cast at Corbridge; b) original (left) and plaster cast in polychrome (right) on temporary display at Wrexham Abbey; c) 2D scan.

a: © English Heritage Trust; b: © English Heritage Trust; c: © NU Digital Heritage, Newcastle University

Figure 5 Tombstone of Flavinus from Corbridge: a) unpainted plaster cast at Corbridge; b) original (left) and plaster cast in polychrome (right) on temporary display at Wrexham Abbey; c) 2D scan.a: © English Heritage Trust; b: © English Heritage Trust; c: © NU Digital Heritage, Newcastle University

Figure 6 Distance Sculpture of unknown provenance (RIB 2173), formerly embedded into Dunottar Castle (top) and features painted in the sixteenth century (bottom).

Figure 6 Distance Sculpture of unknown provenance (RIB 2173), formerly embedded into Dunottar Castle (top) and features painted in the sixteenth century (bottom).

Figure 7 Digital reconstruction of the Bridgeness Distance Sculpture in polychromy (top) and Royal Mail stamp (bottom).

bottom: © Stamp Design Royal Mail Group Ltd 2020

Figure 7 Digital reconstruction of the Bridgeness Distance Sculpture in polychromy (top) and Royal Mail stamp (bottom).bottom: © Stamp Design Royal Mail Group Ltd 2020

Figure 8 Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures replicated for the Rediscovering the Antonine Wall Project: a) RIB 2208 from Old Kilpatrick; b) from Arniebog; c) RIB 2193 from Summerston Farm; d) RIB 2185 from Eastermains.

© Hunterian Museum

Figure 8 Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures replicated for the Rediscovering the Antonine Wall Project: a) RIB 2208 from Old Kilpatrick; b) from Arniebog; c) RIB 2193 from Summerston Farm; d) RIB 2185 from Eastermains.© Hunterian Museum

Figure 9 Watertight 3d model of RIB 2193 from Summerston Farm with digital polychromy.

© Rediscovering the Antonine Wall Project

Figure 9 Watertight 3d model of RIB 2193 from Summerston Farm with digital polychromy.© Rediscovering the Antonine Wall Project

Figure 10 City of Glasgow College Stonemasonry students roughing out and carving RIB 2208 from Old Kilpatrick (top); Arniebog (middle); stonemasonry students and lecturers with Louisa Campbell (LKAS Fellow in Archaeology, University of Glasgow) and Emma McMullen (Project Manager, Rediscovering the Antonine Wall project) (bottom).

Figure 10 City of Glasgow College Stonemasonry students roughing out and carving RIB 2208 from Old Kilpatrick (top); Arniebog (middle); stonemasonry students and lecturers with Louisa Campbell (LKAS Fellow in Archaeology, University of Glasgow) and Emma McMullen (Project Manager, Rediscovering the Antonine Wall project) (bottom).

Figure 11 Relationships folded into Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures and Replicas.

Figure 11 Relationships folded into Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures and Replicas.

Figure 12 Original drawing (top), roughing out (bottom left), and articulation (bottom right) of the new Antonine Wall sculpture by stone artists Josephine Crossland and Luke Batchelor.

top: © Josephine Crossland and Luke Batchelor

Figure 12 Original drawing (top), roughing out (bottom left), and articulation (bottom right) of the new Antonine Wall sculpture by stone artists Josephine Crossland and Luke Batchelor.top: © Josephine Crossland and Luke Batchelor

Figure 13 Newly created sculpture based on Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures.

Figure 13 Newly created sculpture based on Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures.