Shrinking reconstruction space in the Gaza Strip: rebuilding after the 2021 and 2022 wars

Figures & data

Figure 1. Direct human cost of conflict in Gaza.

Sources: MOH, Infographic of the Israeli; UNRWA, Donor Charts: 2021 Pledges.

Figure 2. Direct damages to housing.

Source: Shelter Cluster, Shelter Statistics.

Figure 3. Cost of damages from 2021 war.

Source: World Bank Group, Gaza Rapid Damage.

Table 1. Changes in border control restrictions.

Date	Border easing
11–23 May 2021	Erez (Beit Hanoun) and Kerem Shalom (Kerem Abu Salem) crossings closed completely
25 May 2021	Partial opening of crossings and allowing humanitarian basic needs (medicines, limited amounts of food, and medical equipment), but severe restrictions on movement of people and goods
30 May 2021	Allowed entrance of limited amount of fuel
3 June 2021	Patients allowed to exit Gaza via Erez (Beit Hanoun) for life-saving treatment
22 June 2021	Gaza produce was shipped for sale in the West Bank but with the conditional exit of tomatoes that the stems were removed
27–28 June 2021	Materials for the food processing industry permitted; industrial diesel for the power plant to enter via Kerem Shalom (Kerem Abu Salem); fertilisers and agricultural equipment entered the Strip
29 June 2021	Outgoing mail was permitted; Israel announced that it would restore the marketing of fish from Gaza in the West Bank
12 July 2021	Allowance of entry of fishing and raw materials for industry
13 August 2021	Allowance of communication equipment; allowance of exports from Gaza at pre-war levels; acceptance of the entrance of 3,000 merchants
19 August 2021	Restoring entry of some construction materials for international projects
1 September 2021	Permitted entry of construction materials for Gaza’s private sector; allowed 5,000 more workers in addition to the previous 3,000 permits
20 October 2021	Increased the number of workers’ permits for Israel to 10,000
26 June 2022	Increased the number of workers’ permits to 14,000
19 August 2022	Increasing the number of workers’ permits by 1,500, increasing the total permits to 15,500
22 September 2022	Increasing the number of permits by 1,500, to reach 17,000

Source: Gisha, Gaza Policy Forum; Gisha, Crossings Update: Fuel; Gisha, Three-month Block; Gisha, Crossings Update: Scant; Gisha, Israel’s Restrictions at Gaza.

Figure 4. Pledged emergency humanitarian assistance for Gaza after 2014 and May 2021 (USD million).

Source: World Bank Group, Gaza Rapid Damage; Al-Monitor Staff, A Look at Which Countries; Aila and Day, With Thousands Left Homeless.