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Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Volume 24, 2023 - Issue 1
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Focus on Frontline Research on Biomaterials-based Bioengineering for Future Therapy

Recent advances in micro-sized oxygen carriers inspired by red blood cells

Qiming Zhanga Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5633-5617View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Natsuko F. Inagakib Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6309-9023View further author information
ORCID Icon &
Taichi Itoa Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;b Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-8242View further author information
ORCID Icon
Article: 2223050 | Received 23 Mar 2023, Accepted 31 May 2023, Published online: 22 Jun 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. Human red blood cells (hRbcs).

Figure 1. Human red blood cells (hRbcs).

Figure 2. Micro-sized AOCs inspired by hRbcs.

Figure 2. Micro-sized AOCs inspired by hRbcs.

Figure 3. Typical abnormal RBC morphologies observed in the peripheral blood samples from COVID − 19 patients, adapted with permission from [Citation33]. Copyright 2022 Marchi, Bozzini, Bertolone, Dima, Busti, Castagna, Stranieri, Fratta Pasini, Friso, Lippi, Girelli and Vianello.

Figure 3. Typical abnormal RBC morphologies observed in the peripheral blood samples from COVID − 19 patients, adapted with permission from [Citation33]. Copyright 2022 Marchi, Bozzini, Bertolone, Dima, Busti, Castagna, Stranieri, Fratta Pasini, Friso, Lippi, Girelli and Vianello.

Figure 4. Fabrication of AOCs by coprecipitation and subsequent chemical cross-linking. (a) Fabrication scheme of hemoglobin microparticles, reprinted with permission from [Citation58]. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society (b) Fabrication scheme of Hb particles, reprinted with permission from [Citation59]. Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society (c) Schematic representation of the assembled Hb microspheres with the surface modified by PEG, reprinted with permission from [Citation60]. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society.

Figure 4. Fabrication of AOCs by coprecipitation and subsequent chemical cross-linking. (a) Fabrication scheme of hemoglobin microparticles, reprinted with permission from [Citation58]. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society (b) Fabrication scheme of Hb particles, reprinted with permission from [Citation59]. Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society (c) Schematic representation of the assembled Hb microspheres with the surface modified by PEG, reprinted with permission from [Citation60]. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society.

Figure 5. Preparation of AOCs by SPG membrane emulsification. (a) Hb/BSA microspheres reprinted with permission from [Citation79]. Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V. (b) PLC shell/PFOB core microparticles reprinted with permission from [Citation73]. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society.

Figure 5. Preparation of AOCs by SPG membrane emulsification. (a) Hb/BSA microspheres reprinted with permission from [Citation79]. Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V. (b) PLC shell/PFOB core microparticles reprinted with permission from [Citation73]. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society.

Figure 6. Fabrication process of RBC-mimicking micro-sized AOCs from PS template by LbL method, adapted with permission from [Citation94]. Copyright 2009 National Academy of Science.

Figure 6. Fabrication process of RBC-mimicking micro-sized AOCs from PS template by LbL method, adapted with permission from [Citation94]. Copyright 2009 National Academy of Science.

Table 1. Micro-sized AOCs which were inspired by hRBC.

Figure 7. Culture systems using PFC-based AOCs. (a) Diagram of perfusion loop of oxygen supply with AOCs for culturing cardiac fibroblasts, adapted with permission from [Citation136]. Copyright 2006 UPV/EHU Press (b) Diagram of PerfusionPal system operation in which dense blood substitute acts as a piston to drive the flow of medium up and down, reprinted with permission from [Citation135]. Copyright 2020 Shoemaker et al. (c) Diagram outlining the perfluorocarbon (PFC) membrane AirHive cell culture dish compared to a transwell dish, reprinted with permission from [Citation134]. Copyright 2020 Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir et al.

Figure 7. Culture systems using PFC-based AOCs. (a) Diagram of perfusion loop of oxygen supply with AOCs for culturing cardiac fibroblasts, adapted with permission from [Citation136]. Copyright 2006 UPV/EHU Press (b) Diagram of PerfusionPal system operation in which dense blood substitute acts as a piston to drive the flow of medium up and down, reprinted with permission from [Citation135]. Copyright 2020 Shoemaker et al. (c) Diagram outlining the perfluorocarbon (PFC) membrane AirHive cell culture dish compared to a transwell dish, reprinted with permission from [Citation134]. Copyright 2020 Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir et al.

Figure 8. Oxygen releasing scaffold using micro-sized AOCs for new wound dressing, adapted with permission from [Citation122]. Copyright 2018 Jeongyeon Choi et al.

Figure 8. Oxygen releasing scaffold using micro-sized AOCs for new wound dressing, adapted with permission from [Citation122]. Copyright 2018 Jeongyeon Choi et al.

Figure 9. Application of HBOC in solid organ preservation. (a) Pre-oxygenation process of HBOC-added preservation solution. (b) Static cold preservation of isolated liver after pre-oxygenation with the HBOC-added preservation solution. (c) Mechanical perfusion of the isolated liver after pre-oxygenation. Adapted with permission from [Citation14]. Copyright 2021 Cao et al.

Figure 9. Application of HBOC in solid organ preservation. (a) Pre-oxygenation process of HBOC-added preservation solution. (b) Static cold preservation of isolated liver after pre-oxygenation with the HBOC-added preservation solution. (c) Mechanical perfusion of the isolated liver after pre-oxygenation. Adapted with permission from [Citation14]. Copyright 2021 Cao et al.

Figure 10. Functionalization process and confocal microscopic images of Ru(ddp)-loaded FDC emulsions stabilized with 2% F127 under hypoxic condition (a,b) and normoxic condition (c,d). Scale bars: 20 μm, reprinted with permission from [Citation73]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.

Figure 10. Functionalization process and confocal microscopic images of Ru(ddp)-loaded FDC emulsions stabilized with 2% F127 under hypoxic condition (a,b) and normoxic condition (c,d). Scale bars: 20 μm, reprinted with permission from [Citation73]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.

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