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Review

Recent advances with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors: therapeutic agents for breast cancer and their role in immuno-oncology

, , , , , & show all
Pages 569-587 | Received 20 Feb 2019, Accepted 03 May 2019, Published online: 20 Jun 2019

Figures & data

Figure 1. Cyclin D1 participates in both the hallmarks and enabling characteristics of tumorigenesis. The references for studies demonstrating the function of cyclin D1 in the hallmark of cancer and enabling characteristic are shown.

Figure 1. Cyclin D1 participates in both the hallmarks and enabling characteristics of tumorigenesis. The references for studies demonstrating the function of cyclin D1 in the hallmark of cancer and enabling characteristic are shown.

Figure 2. Targeting of CDK5. (a). Structural overlay of CDK5 (1H4L) with its closest structural homologs CDK1 and CDK2. (b). Structural overlay of CDK5 with cyclin D1. (c). Structural overlay of CDK5 with the inhibitors R-roscovitine (1UNL) and ATP analogue, {4-Amino-2-[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}(3-nitrophenyl)methanone (30OG). High magnification view is shown of the CDK5 active site in which R-roscovitine and the ATP analog bind.

Figure 2. Targeting of CDK5. (a). Structural overlay of CDK5 (1H4L) with its closest structural homologs CDK1 and CDK2. (b). Structural overlay of CDK5 with cyclin D1. (c). Structural overlay of CDK5 with the inhibitors R-roscovitine (1UNL) and ATP analogue, {4-Amino-2-[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}(3-nitrophenyl)methanone (30OG). High magnification view is shown of the CDK5 active site in which R-roscovitine and the ATP analog bind.

Figure 3. Specific CDK4/6 inhibitors chemical structure.

Figure 3. Specific CDK4/6 inhibitors chemical structure.

Figure 4. Timeline of the principal CDK4/6 inhibitors clinical trials.

Figure 4. Timeline of the principal CDK4/6 inhibitors clinical trials.

Figure 4. (Continued).

Figure 4. (Continued).

Figure 4. (Continued).

Figure 4. (Continued).

Table 1. Completed clinical trials.

Table 2. Ongoing clinical trials per each CDK inhibitor.

Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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