Addressing the controversial role of ketogenic diets in cancer treatment

Figures & data

Table 1. Controlled clinical trials using the KD in cancer patients published until October 2019. See Klement et al. [6] for more details. HGG: High grade glioma; HNC: Head and neck cancer; N_KD: Number of patients in KD group included in the analysis; N_CTRL: Number of patients in the control group included in the analysis.

First Author	Year	Tumor entity	N_KD	N_CTRL	Simultaneous treatment	Overall survival?	Tumor progression?	Body composition?
Rieger [17]	2014	HGG	7	28	Bevacizumab	No	Yes	No
Santos [18]	2018	HGG	17	15	Intranasal perillyl alcohol	Yes	Yes	No
Cohen [19]	2018	Ovarian, endometrial cancer	25	20	Chemotherapy (24% of the patients)	No	No	Yes
Furukawa [20]	2018	Rectal cancer	7	13	Chemotherapy	No	Yes	No
Klement [21]	2019	Breast, rectal, HNC	20	61	Radiotherapy ± chemotherapy	No	No	Yes
Khodabakhshi [22]	2019	Breast cancer	30	30	Chemotherapy	Yes	No	Yes

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Cohen CW, Fontaine KR, Arend RC, et al. A ketogenic diet reduces central obesity and serum insulin in women with ovarian or endometrial cancer. J Nutr. 2018;148(8):1253–1260.

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Furukawa K, Shigematsu K, Iwase Y, et al. Clinical effects of 1 year of chemotherapy with a modified medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet on the recurrence of stage IV colon cancer. J Jpn Soc Parenter Enter Nutr. 2018;33:1139–1146. .

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