Biologics in the treatment of pustular psoriasis

Figures & data

Table 1. Overview of anti-IL-1 and anti- IL-36R for pustular psoriasis.

Target	Drug	Improvement	Publication	Trial/Phase	Study population	Disease	Dosage
IL-1β	Gevokizumab [41]	2/2	Mansouri B et al.	Case report	2	GPP	60 mg at week 1, 4, 8.
	Canakinumab [42]	1/1	Skendros P et al.	Case report	1	GPP	150 mg monthly
IL-1 R	Anakinra [44]	1/1	Viguier. et al.	Case report	2	GPP	100 mg daily
	Anakinra [45]	1/1	Huffmeier U et al.	Case report	1	GPP	100 mg daily
	Anakinra [46]	1/1	Rossi-Semerano L et al.	Case report	1	GPP	2 mg/kg/day for 7 days and then 4 mg/kg/day
	Anakinra [47]	2/2	Tauber M et al.	Case report	2	PPPP	100 mg daily
	Anakinra [48]	1/1	Lutz V et al.	Case report	1	ACH	100 mg daily
	Anakinra [58]	0/1	Saunier J et al.	Case report	1	ACH	100 mg daily
IL-36R	Spesilumab [49]	7/7	Bachelez H et al.	Phase I	7	GPP	10 mg per kilogram of body weight
	ANB019	NA	NA	Phase II ongoing	NA	GPP	Identifier: NCT03619902

Table 2. Overview of anti- IL-12/23 for pustular psoriasis.

Target	Drug	Improvement	Publication	Trial/Phase	Study population	Disease	Dosage
IL-12/23	Ustekinumab [50]	1/1	Storan ER et al.	Case report	1	GPP	45 mg at month 0, 1, and then every 12 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [52]	4/4	Arakawa A et al.	Case report	4	GPP	One patient: 45 mg at weeks 0 and 4, and then 90 mg every 12 weeks. The other 3 patients: started at the dosage of 90 mg.
	Ustekinumab [51]	1/1	Dauden E et al.	Case report	1	GPP	45 mg at weeks 0 and 4, and then every 12 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [53]	0/1	Matsumoto A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	Started at the doseage of 45 mg.
	Ustekinumab [12]	5/5	Morales-Munera C et al.	Case report	5	PPPP	45 mg at weeks 0, 4, and then every 12 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [56]	7/20	Au SC et al.	open-label trial	20	Palmoplantar psoriasis	45 mg or 90 mg at weeks 0, 4, 12.
	Ustekinumab [55]	2/2	Bulai Livideanu C et al.	Case report	2	Palmoplantar psoriasis	45 mg or 90 mg, not regularly
	Ustekinumab [57]	NA	Bissonnette R et al.	RCT	10	PPPP	45 mg or placebo at week 0 and week 4.
	Ustekinumab [59]	1/1	Adisen E et al.	Case report	1	ACH	90 mg at weeks 0, then 45 mg at weeks 4, and then every 12 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [60]	1/1	Palacios-Alvarez I et al.	Case report	1	ACH	45 mg at weeks 0, 4, and then every 12 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [58]	1/1	Saunier J et al.	Case report	1	ACH	45 mg at weeks 0, 4, and then every 12 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [61]	1/1	Cymerman RM et al.	Case report	1	ACH	45 mg at months 0, 1, and then every 3 months.
	Ustekinumab [62]	1/1	Adas A et al.	Case report	1	ACH	45 mg at weeks 0, 4, and then 90 mg every 8 weeks.
	Ustekinumab [63]	4/4	Husson B et al.	Retrospective descriptive study	4	ACH	NA
	Ustekinumab [63]	21/30	Husson B et al.	Retrospective descriptive study	30	PPP	NA

Table 3. Overview of anti- IL-17A and anti-IL-17RA for pustular psoriasis.

Target	Drug	Improvement	Publication	Trial/Phase	Study population	Disease	Dosage
IL-17A	Secukinumab [64]	10/12	Imafuku S et al.	III	12	GPP	150 mg at week 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and then every 4 weeks. Two non‐responders were up‐titrated to 300 mg.
	Secukinumab [67]	1/1	Cordoro KM et al.	Case report	1	GPP	150 mg at week 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and then every 4 weeks.
	Secukinumab [65]	1/1	Ho PH et al.	Case report	1	GPP	150 mg (19.2 kg bodyweight) at week 0, 1, and then every month.
	Secukinumab [66]	1/1	Kostner K et al.	Case report	1	GPP	75 mg every week
	Secukinumab [77]	5/6	Wilsmann-Theis D et al.	Case report	6	GPP	As the dosage of licensed for PV
	Secukinumab [68]	NA	Mrowietz U et al.	IIIb	159	PPPP	300 mg or 150 mg at week 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and then every 4 weeks.
	Secukinumab [69]	1/1	Baron JA et al.	Case report	1	ACH	300 mg at week 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4
	Secukinumab [71]	1/1	Galluzzo M et al.	Case report	1	ACH	300 mg at week 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and then every month.
	Secukinumab [70]	1/1	Smirnova LM et al.	Case report	1	ACH	300 mg at week 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, and then every month.
	Ixekizumab [75]	5/5	Saeki H et al.	III	5	GPP	160 mg at week 0, 80 mg every 2 weeks from weeks 2 to 12, 80 mg every 4 weeks from weeks 16 to 52.
	Ixekizumab [77]	1/1	Wilsmann-Theis D et al.	Case report	1	ACH	as the dosage of licensed for PV.
	Ixekizumab [76]	1/1	Miller AC et al.	Case report	1	ACH	80 mg every 2 weeks.
IL-17RA	Brodalumab [72]	11/12	Yamasaki K et al.	III	12	GPP	140 mg at week 0, 1, 2, and then every 2 weeks.
	Brodalumab [73]	0/4	Pinter A et al.	Case report	4	PPPP	210 mg at week 0, 1 and then every 2 weeks.
	Brodalumab [74]	1/1	Milani-Nejad N et al.	Case report	1	ACH	210 mg at week 0, 1 and then every 2 weeks.

Table 4. Overview of anti- TNFα for pustular psoriasis.

Target	Drug	Improvement	Publication	Trial/Phase	Study population	Disease	Dosage
TNFα	Etanercept [82]	1/1	Fialova J et al.	Case report	1	GPP	0.4 mg/kg twice weekly
	Etanercept [86]	1/1	Pereira TM et al.	Case report	1	GPP	0.4 mg/kg twice weekly
	Etanercept [87]	1/1	Mazzotta A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	0.4 mg/kg twice weekly
	Etanercept [88]	3/3	Brenner M et al.	Case report	3	GPP	50 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [80]	6/6	Esposito M et al.	Case report	6	GPP	25 or 50 mg biweekly
	Etanercept [81]	1/1	Lo Schiavo A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	50 mg twice weekly for three months, then 50 mg weekly for three months
	Etanercept [79]	1/1	Kamarashev J et al.	Case report	1	GPP	25 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [83]	1/1	Cuperus E et al.	Case report	1	GPP	12.5 mg weekly
	Etanercept [84]	1/1	Ricotti C et al.	Case report	1	GPP	50 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [89]	3/4	Viguier M et al.	Retrospective study	4	GPP	NA
	Etanercept [85]	1/1	Rodriguez-Lomba E et al.	Case report	1	GPP	100 mg weekly
	Etanercept [62]	0/1	Adas A et al.	Case report	1	ACH	100 mg weekly for three months, then 50 mg weekly
	Etanercept [58]	0/1	Saunier J et al.	Case report	1	ACH	50 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [90]	1/1	Puig L et al.	Case report	1	ACH	50 mg twice weekly, then 25 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [91]	1/1	Thielen AM et al.	Case report	1	ACH	25 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [96]	0/1	Adisen E et al.	Case report	1	ACH	25 mg twice weekly for 1 week, then 50 mg twice weekly for 11 weeks.
	Etanercept [92]	1/1	Weisshaar E et al.	Case report	1	ACH	25 mg twice weekly
	Etanercept [93]	1/1	Kazinski K et al.	Case report	1	ACH	NA
	Etanercept [94]	1/1	Bonish B et al.	Case report	1	ACH	NA
	Etanercept [95]	1/1	Silpa-archa N et al.	Case report	1	ACH	NA
	Etanercept [63]	16/31	Husson B et al.	Retrospective descriptive study	31	PPP	NA
	Infliximab [53]	4/4	Matsumoto A et al.	Case report	4	GPP	5–10 mg/kg
	Infliximab [113]	1/1	Pan J et al.	Case report	1	GPP	3.3 mg/kg
	Infliximab [97]	3/3	Routhouska SB et al.	Case report	3	GPP	5–10 mg/kg
	Infliximab [105]	0/1	Kawakami H et al.	Case report	1	GPP	NA
	Infliximab [117]	0/1	Furusawa K et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [98]	3/3	Poulalhon N et al.	Case report	3	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [114]	1/1	Chen W et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [99]	1/1	Adachi A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [100]	1/1	Sugiura K et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [115]	1/1	Skrabl-Baumgartner A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [101]	4/4	Trent JT et al.	Case report	4	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [102]	1/1	Tang MM et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [103]	2/2	Kim HS et al.	Case report	2	GPP	3 mg/kg
	Infliximab [104]	1/1	Smith N et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [105]	1/1	Kawakami H et al.	Case report	1	GPP	NA
	Infliximab [106]	1/1	Vieira Serrao V et al.	Case report	1	GPP	NA
	Infliximab [107]	1/1	Chandran NS et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [108]	2/2	Weishaupt C et al.	Case report	2	GPP	4–5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [89]	8/10	Viguier M et al.	Case report	10	GPP	NA
	Infliximab [109]	1/1	Sheth N et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [110]	1/1	Schmick K et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [111]	1/1	Puig L et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [116]	1/1	Tsang V et al.	Case report	1	GPP	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [112]	2/2	Kawakami H et al.	Case report	2	GPP	NA
	Infliximab [118]	1/1	Mang R et al.	Case report	1	ACH	3–4 mg/kg
	Infliximab [119]	1/1	Rubio C et al.	Case report	1	ACH	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [120]	1/1	Ahmad K et al.	Case report	1	ACH	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [58]	0/1	Saunier J et al.	Case report	1	ACH	5 mg/kg
	Infliximab [91]	0/1	Thielen AM et al.	Case report	1	ACH	5 mg/Kg at week 0, 2, 6
	Infliximab [63]	17/22	Husson B et al.	Retrospective descriptive study	22	PPP	NA
	Adalimumab [121]	7/10	Morita A et al.	III	10	GPP	80 mg at week 0, and then 40–80 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [122]	1/1	Gallo E et al.	Case report	1	GPP	80 mg at week 0, 40 mg at week 1, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [123]	1/1	Callen JP et al.	Case report	1	GPP	40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [124]	1/1	Zangrilli A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	40 mg weekly
	Adalimumab [126]	1/1	Jordan J et al.	Case report	1	GPP	40 mg at week 0, 1, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [127]	1/1	Gkalpakiotis S et al.	Case report	1	GPP	80 mg at week 0, 40 mg at week 1
	Adalimumab [65]	0/1	Ho PH et al.	Case report	1	GPP	20 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [53]	4/4	Matsumoto A et al.	Case report	4	GPP	40–80 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [112]	2/2	Kawakami H et al.	Case report	2	GPP	40–80 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [89]	3/3	Viguier M et al.	Retrospective study	3	GPP	NA
	Adalimumab [88]	1/1	Brenner M et al.	Case report	1	GPP	80 mg at week 0, and then 40 mg every week
	Adalimumab [125]	1/1	Kimura U et al.	Case report	1	GPP	80 mg at week 0, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks.
	Adalimumab [128]	1/1	Hansel K et al.	Case report	1	GPP	80 mg at week 0, 40 mg at week 1, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [131]	1/1	Dini V et al.	Case report	1	ACH	80 mg at week 0, 40 mg at week 1, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [129]	2/2	Di Costanzo L et al.	Case report	2	ACH	40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [130]	1/1	Crowley EL et al.	Case report	1	ACH	80 mg at week 0, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [132]	1/1	Sopkovich JA et al.	Case report	1	ACH	80 mg at week 0, 40 mg at week 1, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [133]	3/3	Ryan C et al.	Case report	3	ACH	40 mg weekly, or 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [90]	1/1	Puig L et al.	Case report	1	ACH	80 mg at week 0, 40 mg at week 1, and then 40 mg every 2 weeks
	Adalimumab [63]	18/35	Husson B et al.	Retrospective descriptive study	35	PPP	NA

Table 5. Overview of other biologics for pustular psoriasis.

Target	Drug	Improvement	Publication	Trial/Phase	Study population	Disease	Dosage
IL-2 R	Basiliximab [135]	1/1	Salim A et al.	Case report	1	GPP	40 mg at day 1 and 4.
IL-6R	Tocilizumab [136]	1/1	Jayasekera P et al.	Case report	1	PPPP	NA
IL-23	Guselkumab [137]	7/9	Sano S et al.	III	9	GPP	50 mg at weeks 0, 4 and then every 8 weeks
	Guselkumab [138]	15/25	Terui T et al.	RCT	25	PPP	200 mg at weeks 0, 4
	Risankizumab [139]	NA	NA	Phase III ongoing	NA	GPP	Identifier: NCT0322045

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