Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of Physalis minima Linn

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Anti-inflammatory effect of the crude methanol extract of the Physalis minima Linn in carrageenan induced hind paw edema in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Difference of means of edema volume (mL) between control and treatment values at different doses ± S.E.M. P value was calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

Figure 2.  Anti-inflammatory effect of the chloroform fraction of the Physalis minima Linn in carrageenan induced hind paw edema in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Difference of means of edema volume (mL) between control and treatment values at different doses ± S.E.M. P value was calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

Table I.  Inhibition of paw edema (%) of the crude methanol extract and chloroform fraction of the Physalis minima Linn in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

	% Inhibition of paw edema
Group	Dose (mg/kg, p.o.)	1 h	2 h	3 h	4 h	5 h
Crude extract	200	46.67%	50.81%	57.14%	57.81%	54.69%
	400	50.00%	59.01%	66.67%	65.63%	64.04%
Chloroform fraction	200	50.00%	54.10%	61.90%	61.90%	59.37%
	400	53.33%	60.66%	68.25%	64.06%	62.50%
Aspirin	100	61.66%	68.85%	74.60%	73.44%	73.44%
	–

Table II.  Anti-inflammatory effect of the crude extract and chloroform fraction of the Physalis minima Linn in Cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats at 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

Group	Dose (mg/kg, p.o.)	Weight of the Cotton pellet (mg)	Inhibition (%)
Saline	5 mL/kg	65.25 ± 1.5	–
Crude extract	200	38.78 ± 1.7	40.57%
	400	33.80 ± 1.2	48.20%
Chloroform fraction	200	32.22 ± 0.9	50.62%
	400	25.44 ± 1.2	61.82%
Aspirin	100	19.70 ± 0.9	69.80%

Values are expressed in mean ± S.E.M. for six animals in each group. P value was calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

Table III.  Effect of the crude extract and chloroform fraction of the Physalis minima Linn in abdominal constriction induced by acetic acid in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.

Group	Dose (mg/kg)	No. of abdominal constriction movements (Counts/20 min)	Protection (%)
Saline	10 mL/kg	70 ± 0.75	–
Crude extract	200	44.45 ± 0.03	55.89%
	400	29.33 ± 0.01	67.57%
Chloroform fraction	200	31.22 ± 0.05	60.03%
	400	21.06 ± 0.33	73.03%
Aspirin	100	15.33 ± 0.55	80.37%
	–

Results of the study were expressed as mean ± SEM. P value was calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

Table IV.  Effect of the crude extract and chloroform fraction of the Physalis minima Linn on the formalin test in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.

Group	Dose (mg/kg)	Early phase (0–5 min)	Protection (%)	Late phase (15–40 min)	Protection (%)
Saline	10 mL/kg	74.4 ± 0.9	–	87.65 ± 1.3	–
Crude extract	200	65.40 ± 0.8	12.06%	42.85 ± 1.5	51.11%
	400	64.43 ± 1.6	13.40%	35.50 ± 2.7	59.49%
Chloroform fraction	200	62.75 ± 1.2	15.65%	29.70 ± 1.3	66.11%
	400	58.95 ± 0.9	20.77%	22.40 ± 0.8	74.44%
Aspirin	10	51.34 ± 1.2	31%	12.65 ± 0.9	85.56%

Results of the study were expressed as mean ± SEM. P value was calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant in all cases.

Table V.  Antipyretic effect of the crude extract and chloroform fraction of the Physalis minima Linn in rats at 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.

		Rectal temperature (°C)
Group	Dose (mg/kg)	0 h	1 h	2 h	3 h	4 h	5 h
Saline	5 mL/kg	37.7 ± 0.9	37.6 ± 0.9	37.4 ± 1.2	37.5 ± 1.1	37.3 ± 0.9	37.6 ± 1.1
Crude extract	100	37.5 ± 1.1	37.7 ± 2.17	37.6 ± 0.9	37.8 ± 1.1	37.6 ± 1.4	37.8 ± 1.5
	200	37.7 ± 0.9	37.7 ± 1.1	37.8 ± 1.2	37.8 ± 1.2	37.4 ± 1.3	37.7 ± 1.5
Chloroform fraction	100	37.4 ± 0.9	37.7 ± 1.2	37.6 ± 1.3	37.5 ± 0.9	37.7 ± 1.2	37.8 ± 1.2
	200	37.7 ± 1.4	37.6 ± 2.1	37.6 ± 1.2	37.7 ± 2.1	37.8 ± 1.4	37.7 ± 0.9
Paracetamol	150	37.6 ± 0.9	36.8 ± 0.9	36.2 ± 0.9	36.3 ± 0.9	36.3 ± 1.1	36.4 ± 1.1

Results of the study were expressed as mean ± SEM. P value was calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant in all cases.