Figures & data
Table 1. Results of antioxidant assays. Each value was obtained from three experiments (Mean ± SE).
Figure 1. Comparison between spectra of PBSA and molecules with sulfonic acid moiety on benzimidazole ring: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
![Figure 1. Comparison between spectra of PBSA and molecules with sulfonic acid moiety on benzimidazole ring: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.](/cms/asset/2978324f-c2d8-4688-8e60-5ccf631b062e/ienz_a_1265523_f0001_b.jpg)
Figure 2. Comparison between spectra of PBSA and molecules without substituents on benzimidazole ring: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
![Figure 2. Comparison between spectra of PBSA and molecules without substituents on benzimidazole ring: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.](/cms/asset/9b3524cd-a471-431c-a251-6b62d0aaf630/ienz_a_1265523_f0002_b.jpg)
Figure 3. Comparison between spectra of PBSA and molecules with carboxylic acid moiety on benzimidazole ring: 12, 13, 14, 15.
![Figure 3. Comparison between spectra of PBSA and molecules with carboxylic acid moiety on benzimidazole ring: 12, 13, 14, 15.](/cms/asset/cb2dceb3-8e40-452a-89f9-3eadb2e8979a/ienz_a_1265523_f0003_b.jpg)
Figure 4. Stability studies in formulation (formulations were submitted to accelerated aging at 40 °C for 63 days).
![Figure 4. Stability studies in formulation (formulations were submitted to accelerated aging at 40 °C for 63 days).](/cms/asset/0803b0e9-6232-422e-acae-d1b04748afe0/ienz_a_1265523_f0004_b.jpg)
Table 2. Values of λ max and ɛ.
Table 3 . Protecting efficacyTable Footnotea.
Table 4. Antioxidant activity of finished formulationsTable Footnotea.
Table 5. Cytotoxicity results expressed as IC50 values on NCTC-2544 cells.
Table 6. Phototoxicity test data.
Table 7. Evaluation of photostabilityTable Footnotea.
Figure 5. SPF values (reported in dark grey) and UVA-PF values (reported in light grey) of the tested formulations.
![Figure 5. SPF values (reported in dark grey) and UVA-PF values (reported in light grey) of the tested formulations.](/cms/asset/b97afe4a-21fa-4973-8ccf-db43f924d90f/ienz_a_1265523_f0005_b.jpg)
Table 8. Mixed commercial filters used in the formulations.
Table 9. In vivo evaluation of selected formulations.