Additional considerations for anti-tick vaccine research

Figures & data

Figure 1. Vaccinomics approaches for anti-tick vaccine development. new approaches have been proposed to improve vaccine efficacy, effectiveness, and safety. vaccinomics includes the characterization of tick-host-pathogen molecular interactions through integration of multiple omics technologies and big data analytics for the identification of candidate protective antigens. here, we propose quantum vaccinomics as a step forward through the identification and combination of immune protective epitopes (immunological quantum) for the development of more effective and safe vaccines. vaccinomics strategy for anti-tick vaccines considers other biomolecules such as glycan-based protein post-translational modifications (e.g. glycan alpha-gal), combination of tick and pathogen derived antigens and the use of different vaccine platforms such as nanoparticles, virus-like particles, and probiotic-based vaccines.