Tourism and cultural commons in the Ecuadorian Amazon

ABSTRACT

Tourism is among the largest global market forces driving both environmental and sociocultural change, and indigenous peoples residing in biodiverse regions are particularly vulnerable to this change. As indigenous people engage with global markets, questions arise regarding how different forms of tourism privilege particular indigenous knowledge, and how local communities proactively leverage their knowledge to improve the social and environmental outcomes of tourism. The aim of this ethnographic case study in the region around Misahuallí, Ecuador is to provide a thick description of the tourism-related social, cultural, and environmental changes being faced by this indigenous community, itself a microcosm of the challenges being faced by indigenous communities across the globe. Common pool resource theory and the concepts of subtractability and non-excludability are invoked to analyze the ways that tourism influences the management of traditional cultural knowledge, and alternatively, how this knowledge influences the ways that tourism manifests in the local community. This novel application of traditional ecological knowledge and common pool resource theory to tourism research provides a critical link between these theories, and it extends existing analyses of tourism’s influence on common pool environmental resources to common pool cultural resources, in this case, traditional knowledge in Kichwa communities.

KEYWORDS:

• Social and cultural change
• indigenous people
• Kichwa
• Ecuador
• Amazon
• common pool resources
• traditional knowledge

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes on contributors

Annie A. Marcinek received her BA in Anthropology in 2014 and received her MS in Recreation, Park, and Tourism Management in 2017 from The Pennsylvania State University. She is interested in the relationship between natural resource extraction and ecotourism, especially among rural communities in Latin America working to promote positive local social, economic, and environmental outcomes.

Carter A. Hunt is an Assistant Professor of Recreation, Park, and Tourism Management, and Anthropology, at The Pennsylvania State University. He is an environmental anthropologist who researches the intersections of tourism, biodiversity conservation, sustainable community development in Latin America, and beyond.

ORCID

Carter A. Hunt http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6319-8171

Additional information

Funding

The authors would like to thank the Interinstitutional Center on Indigenous Knowledge and the W.G. Whiting Research Grant program at the Pennsylvania State University for supporting this research.