Natural history and mid-term neurodevelopmental outcome of fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly diagnosed in the second half of pregnancy

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow chart of the study population. TOP: termination of pregnancy; IUFD: intrauterine fetal death; CNS:central nervous system.

Figure 2. Distribution of neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed by the Battelle Development Inventory (BDI) by group of age (< 56 months vs. ≥ 56 months).

Table 1. Summary of the characteristics of the cases with prenatally diagnosed isolated mild ventriculomegaly.

Characteristic	Mild VM (10–12.9 mm)	Mild VM without BDI	Mild VM with BDI	p Value
n	43	24	19
Mean maternal age, years	31.8 ± 4.8 DS	30.5 ± 4.9 DS	33.5 ± 4.2 DS	.05
Gestational age at diagnosis:				.29
≤ 22 weeks	19 (42.2%)	12 (50.0%)	6 (31.6%)
>22 weeks	26 (57.8%)	12(50.0%)	13 (68.4%)
Referral:
Other Center	21 (48.9%)	10 (41.7%)	11 (57.9%)	.29
Our Center	22 (51.1%)	14 (58.3%)	8 (42.1%)
Gender:
Male	31 (68.9%)	15 (62.5%)	14 (73.7%)	.43
Female	14 (31.1%)	9 (37.5%)	5 (26.3%)
Laterality:
Bilateral	17 (39.5%)	10 (41.7%)	7 (36.8%)	.78
Unilateral	26 (60.5%)	14 (58.3%)	12 (63.2%)
Intrauterine evolution:
Spontaneous resolution	25 (58.2%)	14 (58.3%)	11 (57.9%)	.94
Stable	12 (27.9%)	7 (29.2%)	5 (26.3%)
Progressive	6 (13.9%)	3(12.5%)	3 (15.8%)
Additional CNS anomalies diagnosed during pregnancy:
No	38 (88.4%)	21 (87.5%)	17 (89.5%)	.84
Yes	5 (11.6%)	3 (12.5%)	2 (10.5%)
Fetal MRI:				.37
No	28 (65.1%)	17 (70.8%)	11 (57.9%)
Yes	15 (34.9%)	7 (29.2%)	8 (42.1%)
Fetal MRI VM degree
Absent (<10mm)	1 (6.7%)	0	1 (12.5%)	.68
Mild (10–12mm)	6 (40.0%)	3 (43.0%)	3 (37.5%)
Moderate (13–15mm)	5 (33.3%)	2 (28.5%)	3 (37.5%)
Severe (>15mm)	3(20.0%)	2 (28.5%)	1 (12.5%)
Mean weight at birth, grams	3200.8 ±SD 642.8	3045.5 ±SD 677.3	3446.7 ±SD 518.2	.09
Preterm delivery <37 weeks (%)	3 (9.4%)	2 (8.3%)	1 (5.3%)	.75

BDI: Battelle Development Inventory; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; SD: standard deviation; VM: ventriculomegaly.

Table 2. Distribution of the results of the Battelle Developmental Inventory Screening Test in our series of 19 infants prenatally diagnosed with isolated mild ventriculomegaly.

	Normal, n (%)	Abnormal, n (%)
		Borderline <1 SD	Moderate <1–2 SD	Severe <2 SD
Personal-social Score: median, SD) % <-2DE	2 (11)	0	5 (26)	12 (63)
Adaptative	0	3 (16)	7 (37)	9 (47)
Gross motor skills	0	7 (37)	0	12 (63)
Fine motor skills	0	4 (21)	8 (42)	7 (37)
Motor skills	0	5 (26)	3 (16)	11 (58)
Receptive communication	3 (16)	5 (26)	5 (26)	6 (32)
Expressive communication	1 (5)	9 (47)	7 (37)	2 (11)
Communication	1 (5)	6 (32)	7 (37)	5 (26)
Cognition	2 (11)	5 (26)	7 (37)	5 (26)
Overall development	0	2 (11)	7 (37)	10 (52)

SD: standard deviation.

Data availability statement

the datasets used and/or analyses performed during the study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.